Ad99999 04 081a/eng
Luftschifferei
Beschreibungstext eng
Miscell. Subj. XLIII. Vol. IV. No. 79., AERONAUTICA., Nothing ever occafioned so much admiration, uothing e. er excifed more the délire of imitation than the fîight of bircls. In the carlieft âges, as tradition informs us, attenants were made to rife in the air by the help of art fui wings which they tied on their arms and Je£s, and to four about at pleafure in a less heavy élément; yet ail these attempts i'ailed for want of the fuitable proportion of the wings. The question was to invent a Machine whufe weight joined with the weight of a man would be less than the weight of the atmofpere that fnrrounded them, and which in coniequence of its greater Hghtness would mount in the air. The fïrst fuccessful attempts of this kind were made in France by the Brothers Montgolfier in the Year 1-782 They made a large hollow machine of Taffeta in the form of a globe, and attenuated the air by bUrning paper and straw. By these means the globe really asceuded in the air and the long wished for invention fucceeded wiieu at last expected. Montgoifier ealârged bis globe of taffeta (Fig. 1.) he encompasscd it with a gallery, in whofe middle the l'ire hearth(c) was place 1, and the 2t of November in the year 1783 Pilaire de Rozier made the first expédition in the air. This kind of Air-Balloon, raifed by heated Air, received from its inventor the Name of Montgolfière. The fécond fort which was called the Aeroftate was contrived in the famé Year by Mr. Charles pRoseffor of Natural philofopby atParis. Ile filled aGlobe of Taffeta and of 26 feet in diameter with combuftibfe air which was prepared in little barrels (b) from iron-filings and oil of vitriol and through the large pipe conducted into the Balloon. A kind of a little boat was fastened to the globe with filk cords and the contriver afeende-d with the greatest fuccess in the air. The defeent or getting down is effected by opening a valve through which the heavier air of the atmofphere is admitted by degrees. In the Montgolfière the famé is effected by diminishing the fire. In café of some fatal accident happening to the Balloon, the Aeronaute may fave bimFels by a kind of Umbrello (ßg. 3.) which was invented by Blanchard a famous Aeronaute. It consists of a thick strong stuff extended over some hpops; the Aeronaute fits in a kind of string-bafket fastened with cords to the upper part. The air collecting und er the umbrello hinders its precipitate falling, and produces only a gentle defeent.
