Semantische Suche
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| Ad99998 04 034a/eng | Plants. LXXX. Vol. IV. No. 32. MEDICINAL PLANTS. Fig. 1. The Senna. (Cassia Senna.) J. he Senna-leaves which are îsnown and ufed every-where as a purging remedy, coine from the Senna, a busb of 3 or 4 feet high, which feldom laits above a Year. Tins busli grows frequently in Syria, Arabia and Egypt; especially in Egypt it is a very important article of commerce, and the beft Senna cornes from Alexandria to Europe. The Senna thrires also by Culture in différent parts of Italy and the South of France, but the leaves are with regard to their virtue much inferiour to those of Egypt, and the only préférence they bave, is, that they are to be bad frefber. The small oblong leaves grow clofe and oppofite to one another on the thin stalks. The ycllow five leaved flowers QA~) form along with their stems a kind of ears; and the oval feeds îye, feparated one from the other by particular husks in the green pods (jB). The leaves contain a thickisb, strong fmeïling volatile Oil wbich may be extracted by infufion and this oil alone produces the purging virtue in the leaves. In order to make the opération stronger, the Senna-leaves muff not be boiled; for in boiling the oil évaporâtes; only bot water muß be poured over them and the décoction ufed. Fig. 2. The Quassy wood. (Quassia amara.) The ÇuoJJy-wood is also well known, and certainly for its falubrious virtues of great consequence. It forms a busb of a middîe size and is to be found in différent parts of South America especially in Cayenne and Surinam, where it grows wild though not very fréquent on the sides of the rivers. The oblong pointed leaves grow by three or four pair on the ilalks, which have winglike prolongations on both Sides ÇA). The five leaved scarlet flowers fiand like bunches clofe to one another ÇB~). The root of this busb (c) which becomes sometimes as thick as an arm is ufed in Medicine. A Negro called Quaffi or Cuaih first discovered its médicinal viitues and from him the Bush is still in medicine called QuaJJîa. The root is very üght and loofe but pretty compact; it contains a bitter StufFwhich may be extracted even by cold water, and which in difFerent especially nervous difeafes is ufed with good effect. Far the genuine Quaffy, which is pretty dear, very often another kind is fubftituted which is much inferiour in its qualities. | |
| Ad99998 04 035a/eng | Insectes. XXV. Vol. IV. No. 33. DAY-BUTTERFLIES. ncontré aussi e, ont marquées i> v--ri les ailes in;vi?e. Lacl, f. ie cendre (l) v--ri les ailes in;vi?e. Lacl, f. ie cendre (l) « es banian«, so uf»-Laty, d'argent s'afoèt té poiatae, Ct oût. mbé. ius.)
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| Ad99998 04 036a/eng | Miscellanies. XXXIV. Vol. IV. No. 34. OBELISKS OF THE EGYPTIANS. opo'ii, * I*F?*, *«%**** »«Nia «*. $ 5S JUS. ‘«"»fw-Wità *fa confacrê il. a "viron -oofl îjs »t lepalais royalpar »t aroir «op à st *eu\ Uoc de «p/f ledit Sixte V, tt e lun'lit Architecte, Jean du Lateran, du Cirque h Vol. IV. No. 34. uni, d'une f(n'e it de 78 pied* En ron 1« lit apporte m cirque nouvelle r renwfé par le = ixte V. auoeite OBELISKS OF THE EGYPTIANS. / -____________ JL he Obelisks are like the Pyramids and Cata« coiubs or touibs remarkable Monuments of the bold architecture of the ancient Egyptians. The Word Obelisk wbich is of greek origin, dénotes a bigh column, having ufually tour lides and reifen ing upwards by degtees. In ancient times WÎien Egypt was governed by itsown kings, inany of Obelisks exifted wbich thole iovereigns bad erected on the (ides oi temples, before their palades, or on large pubJick places, in order to transmit their naines to pofterity. They were fron; 50 to 1-50 feet bigh and generally of one pièce of a reddish Granit; a few were made of marbîe, the Quanies are yet to be seen in Upper-Egypt, w h ère thoufands of hands loofened and worked those immenle malTes of stone. Very few of these Obelisks were plain or polisbed; on the molt of thein Hieroglyphs or characters, representing différent toois, utenfi!s or animals were engraved 2 inches deep. These characters together, formed a language in images or wiitiug in picture which at that timewas underf'tood, but in our days has proved impoilible to be unraveiled, Not long before the beginning of the Chrifiian Aéra when the Romans fubjugated Egypt, some of the Emperours ordered feveral of thejigreatest snd fineft Obelisks asfplendid columns to be brqught to Rome. Three of the most magnïficient, and stil! exifting in Rome, are represented in the annexed picture. Fig. 1. An Obelisk brought toRome by order of Augustus. This Obelisk wbich without its pedeital is 73 feet bigh, is eut out of one pièce of marble and ornameuted writh a numlnr of Hieroglyphs. It has been îemoved thRome from Heliopolis the ancient capital of Egypt under the reîgn of Augustus; but when the northern Barbarians invaded Rome, this Obelisk was fubverted and broke in three pièces. ït remained in the rubbish tili the reign of the Roman Pope Sixtus V. , when in the Year i58ö it was erected again by the Architect Fontana, near la Porta dei Popolo. Fig. 2. An Obelisk dedicated to the sun and removed to Rome by Constantius. This Obelisk was erected in Heliopoli9 about 3000 Years ago by the king Ramefïes before bis palace. 20000 men are faid to bave worked at it. It is 100 feet high and hewn of one pièce of Granit. Conitaritine the Greafhad it conveyed down theNile as far as Alexandria, but bis early death hindered the further transport. Gonftantius his son bad it afterwards brougbt to Rome and erected in the courfe. This Obelisk was also deftroyed by the northern invaders and put up again by Sixtus V. before the Church of St. John of Lateran, under the furvey of the aforefaid architect. Fig. 3. The Obelisk of the Circus of Nero. This Obelisk is quite plain and of one pièce of reddish Granit; without its pedeftal it is 73 feet high. Nero had it brought to Rome in order to place it in the new built Circus. The northern invaders deitroyed it like the others, but in the reign of the above mentioned Pope it was also dug out of the rubbish in the Year i$Q6 and erected in the middie of the place before St. Peter' » Church. | |
| Ad99998 04 037a/eng | Binds. LIV. Vol. IV. No. 35. FOREIGN BIRDS. Fig. 1. The Panayan Hornbill. (Buceros Panayensis.) The Hornbills form a proper tribe of birds which is confined to Africa and some parts of Asia. They are remarkable for the hornlike protuberance on the upper bill. The unproportioned bill is very light. The here represented Hornbill which is of the size of a raven, was first discovered by Sonnerat in the Isle of Panaya. The colour of its plumage is of a greenish black; the bill is brown with transverse wrinkles of orpiment colour. Fig. 2. The Arakari Toucan. (Rhamphastos Aracari.) The Arakari belongs to the tribe of the Toucans or Peppereaters. As the Hornbills are only found in Asia or Africa, the Toucans are only met with in the southern parts of America; they are remarkable for the unproportioned, large membranaceous bill. The Arakari inbabits Surinam and Cayenue, and measures generally 16 inches in length; the bill is 4 inches, and 1/2 long. Its back and wings are dark green; across the yellow breast runs a red band. The blackish feet are provided with 4 toes two before and two behind. They live on different fruits. Fig. 3. The Brasilian Motmot. (Rhamphastos Momota.) This bird is about the size of a mag-pie; it lives solitary in the deepest recesses of South-America and feeds on insects. Its strong bill is on the edges indented like a saw. The lower parts are of a reddish leather colour, the back is dark green. Fig. 4. The green Toucan. (Rhamph. viridis.) is 14 inches long and generally found in Cayenne; on account of its variegated plumage it belongs to the class of beautiful birds. The large hollowbill is 3 inches et 1/2 long and yellow-striped with black. Head and neck are of a shining black, breast and belly yellow. The colour of the back and tail is green. Fig. 5. The cinereous Wattle bird. (Glaucopis cinerea.) Of this particular kind of birds the here represented species alone is as yet known. It in» habits New Zealand and is remarkable for the carunculated wattles near the bill. The principal colour of this bearded bird is a dark ash colour. It lives on berries and insects, which it gatherg running about on the ground. Fig. 6. The lesser Ani. (Crotophagus Ani.) Of this kind only three species are known, which constitute a particular tribe distinguishing itself by a strong crooked bill the upper part of which is sharply edged. The leffer Ani is black and about 13 inches long. Ils food consists of maggots, the caterpillars of insects and the feeds of différent plants. It inbabits the interiour parts of Africa. The immenfe nests of Grass wbîch they generally build in community upon the Acacia trees, resemble at a distance a thatched roof. In this common nest every female builds her proper cell where it hatches. Travellers counted very often 800 or 1000 of these cells in one nest. | |
| Ad99998 04 038a/eng | Birds. LV. Vol. IV. No. 36. REMARKABLE BIRDS. Fig. 1. The magnificent Maenura. (Maenura superba.) New-Holland this remarkable large Island of the South-Sea which in its extent almost equals Europe, is in regard to natural history a true land of wonders, as the duck billed Platypus (see No. 80. of the III. Vol. of this Picture Galleiy) and various other strange animals and birds, lately found in it, sufficiently prove. Some time ago the elegant wonderful bird hère represented, was discovered by someEnglishmen on a journey into the inner parts of the Island. It is the magnifie ent Macnurawhich apparently belongs to the tribe of thebirds of Paradise. lt is about the size of a common hen; the principal colour of its body is blackish changing into red-brown on the wings; the thighs are covered with long blackish feathers; and the head is ornamented with a loofe creft of hair-like feathers \ but what deferves the most admiration in tins elegant bird, is its tail, from the. middle of which two large feathers proceed bending towards one another and beautifulîy pencilled with orange-coloured arches of the ut» most élégance. Between these two large feathers two leffer ones arife which bending outwards are of a blueish grey colour; and numbers of tender hairlike feathers which resemble the fibres of leave», accomplish thi» wonderful ßructure. The nourishment and manner of living of this extraordinary bird is as yet entirely unknown. Fig. 2. The Taylor-bird. (Motacilla sartoria.) In the East-Indies the little birds and their young-ones are continually exposed to different dangers. Monkeys and serpents climb up the trees, and creep and wind themselves through the branches in order to overtake the mothers with their harmless broods. Wise nature therefore protects the little defenceless birds by various ingenious instincts; and they build generally their nest on the end of bending branches where the animals of prey can not follow them. But still artfuller is the little nest which the here represented Taylor-bird (A) also an inhabitant of the East-Indies, builds. It choses for the purpose a fallen leaf which it sows by the help of its bill with the tender fibres of plants round the green leaf on a tree (B) so, that the whole form is an open bay. In this, when properly lined or filled up with cotton and feathers, the female lays its four little white eggs; and thus defended against ail dangers, it quietly hatches its young. | |
| Ad99998 04 039a/eng | Plants. LXXXI. Vol. IV. No. 37. COMMERCIAL-PLANTS. , lte"r du fr, eue, aime mie, ‘isscs ei "x aux «1 esterraiUli foujour, petiot Ps e" &»«. k arouS« ‘J, £at. "‘«tffrà. ‘H au Lt-ranitt ui Fait que ce& léiablederom. uerleffpcsceson Kn Eoypteon le fuc mielleux : à Ja prépara* : brun, tacheté rages rie marne vient que Fig. 1. The Liquorice. (Glycirrhiza glabra.) -J-he Liquorice grows wi'd in Spain, France, Italy and the southern parts of the Asiatick lluflia; by culture it also became indigenous in varions parts of Germany, elpecially in some tracta of Franconia and Suabia, where it is cultivated in great rpiantity. ^ In Pbyßck it is ufed a* a refolvent, especially m cougbs. Fig. 2. The Carob-Tree, or St. John's bread. (Ceratonia siliqua.) The common Carob-Tree equals in size the ash-tree. It is most -common in Spain, Sicily, Egypt and the Island Candia or Creta and schrive» beft in a stony foi) The leaves (ß) are evergreen, thick and fmooth, and grow by pairs on the fîalk». The littîe red flowers (Ä) grow like cluIt thrives beft in a fandy, yet not poor foil; the root is about th-thickness of a thumb, the stalks wbich giow, 5 or 6 feet bigb, wither in autumn, but germinate again in fpring. The,. T -, vio l-e, t. -b i nxe, f l o w ne r s (a) a p rp e\ a' r i n J a i l y-ibl?e t w e e n ". h. e. r s o Jr a r[a p e,. s,. o n, t b e b r a n cch e sr, w i t, h, o u t p Arosp) err\ thxe p l u Tm y l e a v, e s, a n d a r e, r o l l o w,. e, d b y h 1t t;l e h i-u s k1s 1 1 " lt a, l K s,. 1 n e. h u s k l i k e f, r u it o r ö t. J o h n sth. r e :a d) \ \. t >«) C, o. *) «) C, o. *) !. w, h i c n c o n t. a i n t h1e J e, n t i!-J. i k e. i. e. , e. d s. r i, i's. '" o, r a n u s, k, y c o1l ou, r a n «d g r o wbich thrîves under ground, is little fla. t feeds are as hard as frone». properly the ufeful part of the plant. It contain» a twmt stuiF wbich is ufed in différent difeafes, TLe fruIt îs on account of it8 fweet *nd we11 The outline colour of the root is tawny; the in-*^d Pu1P an a8ieable (ooâ and ^'1«™ The Name St. Johns breacl dérives from an old faying, that John the Baptift lived on it in the defert. jretendait | |
| Ad99998 04 040a/eng | Insects. XXVI. Vol. IV. No. 38. TWO KINDS OF SPHINX OR HAWK-MOTHS. K", 0i8 (juipaffe que veri le p^. « (0 «clôt Se, Solives jaunâtre, «s ailes inférieu« si s leurmiUaD«, i^f. Ptpmueiit utr« ail) ifw ecf» trou^fei re. Fig. 1. The great Oleander Sphinx. (Sphinx Nerii.) A he grent Oleander -Sphinx which 16 hère fepresented in its natural size, is undoubtedîy one of the moit beautifulHawk-Moths, we are acquainted with. Its colour consists of dark green, reddisli, white and violet stripes and spots which are variegated like marble in a most elegant manner. The green yellow Caterpillar ÇA) is also beautifully pencilled with white spots and firipes; its neck is ornamented with eyes of bine and white. It lives as far as we know, only on the leaves of the common Rose-bay or Oleander, a shrub of 6 or 8 feet high, which grows wild in the Eafi Indies, but in Germany only thrivea in hot houfes; on these shrubs sometimes in very hot fummers this caterpillar is found and efîeemed as a great curiofity; the Sphinx produced from it i» purchafed at a high price by the amateurs and reckoned to be a true ornament of their collection». The great Ghryfalis (E) which is of a light brown and yellow colour lies without being covered with any web or texture under ground. Fig. 2. The spotted-Elephant Sphinx. (Sphinx Euphorbiae.) The Caterpillar (a) is frequently met with in July and August on the gromwell-leaved fpurt*e (Euphorbia Efula) on which alone it livés. Its principal colour is black; on the back runs a red firipe, and the sides are marked with white spots in regulär rows. ê The Caterpillar as well as the Ghryfalis and the Sphinx itself are drawn after life in the an» nexed picture. Soon after its birth the caterpillar fpins itself into a fine web under a loofe ground and changes into the Ghryfalis (b) wich is of a grey-brown colour. The Ghryfalis remains the whole winter in its husk and it is only in the following fpring that the variegated Sphinx (V) iilues. Its upper wings are of a yellow and dark olivafier colour edged with a white border, the lower wings are pink -coloured, changing into black towards the root. In the month of June the spottetJ Eléphant Sphinx is found during twiligbt about the honey fuckle and other shrubs in flower. Fluttering it fucks with its fnout the juice of th | |
| Ad99998 04 041a/eng | Miscellanies XXXVIII. Vol. IV. No. 39. REMARKABLE GROTTOS. Fig. 1. The Grotto of Pausilippo. Fig. 2. The Dog's Grotto near Naples.
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| Ad99998 04 042a/eng | Miscellanies XXXIX. Vol. IV. No. 40. HORSE-RACES IN ENGLAND. ercnce e* « mû, O e même. reen 3o lieux dif. es Pîa^« Cesses, Jj mou> quefçoe-tro-, st ia 1« loa toi« ‘e sa foaioeM (Ja renia« * quefçoe-tro-, st ia 1« loa toi« ‘e sa foaioeM (Ja renia« * Fig. 1 fuch an English Race-Horfe is represented; the sue of his eyes and the large open noltrils prove hisArabiau origin, his slender legs show at the fuit iîght the racer. Thefv horfes are of différent colours, but their discriminating character is swiftneis, fpirit, holdness and ßrength, The molt famous are engraved and their virtues celebrated in puhlick papers. Their pedigrees are as regularly kept as those of the horfes in Arahia. They feil very often at an enormous price and there are instances of iooo pound Sterling. (more than 6000 Dollars.) and more being paid for a racer. Their extreme swiftness is fuppofed to equal the wind. The famons Childers (ufually called ßying Childers) which died about 40 Years ago, leaped in one second 82 ^ feet, and ran the xace-ground of Newmarket, famons for the great races which are held there in Apiil and October, in 6 minutes 40 féconds, though the ground measures ^ of a German mile or 4 English miles. Fig. 2. The Horse-Race. Horfe-Races are held in fummer in 30 différent places of the kingdom where the foft and fandy race-grounds are carefully kept in order. On the spot where the horfes fet out, is the Stewards box which is occupied by thtfe officers du» ring the wîiole race Hère the horfes are re^iltered and the betts which are iometimes very high, regularly laid down. The grounds are circuler or oval and the racers return to the spot where they fet out. The horfe which paffes the fàrst the ßarting polt, gains the si rit heat, or courfe, whereupon the faddles are taken off and the horfes cleaned, -an hour after they fet out for the fécond heat; if the horfe which gained the fi'ft heat, arrives again before the others at the starting poff, he wins, and the race is finished; if not, a third heat or run enfues. The riders are called Jockeys and are generally of a very light weight. Those that ride together, are weighed with the faddles and bridles of their horfes, which they buckle round their waift, and those which are too light, put so much of small shot in their pockets, tili their weight equals that of the others. The races last generally two or three days, and very often 40 or 50000 fpectators ineet on these occafions. | |
| Ad99998 04 043a/eng | Birds. LVI. Vol. IV. No. 41. TREE-CREEPERS AND HUMMING BIRDS Fig. 1. The Wall-Creeper. (Certhia muraria.) X jbe WâZl-creeper or spider-catcher belongs to the tribe of the tree-crepers and dérives its name from its creeping on the walls, as the common creeper does on the tree«, in quest of spiders and other insects whicli they both live upon. This beautifnl bird is of a folitary dispofition and found lonely in Italy, France and the middle parts of Germany. It builds its rieft in hollow trees or the rifts of walls, but especially in Church-yards and the hollow fkulls in the Charnel -houfes, whence it is also sometimes called in Germany the death's bird. It is about the lïze of a fparrow. Fig. 2. The darkgreen Treecreeper. (Certhia obscura.) This pretty bird is met with on the SandwichIslands in the Pacifick Océan or Southfea. Its beautiful dark-green feathers are in great request among the islanders who ufe them in their diess. It is highly remarkable for its falcated bilî and iîs tougue which is befet ail over with haïr like a brufh and serves to fetch the insects ont of the tree-rifts or to lu ck%the honey of the fîower-cups. Fig. 3. The blue brasilian creeper. (Certhia cyanea.) This species ihhabits generQÎty the southern parts of America and is on account of its glittering black and blue feathers one of the most beautiful birds of those parts of the world. It also feeds upon insects and the juice of flowers. Fig. 4. The Cardinal. (Certhia Cardinalis.) This fine-coloured creeper is found upon the islands of the South-fea and dérives its name from the brillant high red colour of its plumage, the beauty of which is Mil more augmente:! by the black feathers of its wings and tail. It does not, like the other creepers, live on insects, but entirely upon the juice of flowers. Fig. 5. The elegant Humming-bird. (Trochilus ornatus.) Fig. 6. The ruby-headed Hummingbird. (Trochilus moschitus.) We know from N. 9. of the I, Vol. of our Picture-Gallery the Humming-birds as the smalleft and most beautiful kind of birds. They consist of 70 différent species, which are only found in the hot régions of America, in the East-Indies and Afrika. They live on the honey which they extract with their tender bills from the flower-cups. The hère represented species which are only three incites long, are especially remarkable for their beautiful plumage. That of Nr. 5. is called the elegant on account of the beautiful crefts that adorn its Cheeks and the top of its head. N. 6. is nained the ruhy-headed, because its head and neck glitter like a ruby. Both the species occur only in South-Amerika. étfâM. | |
| Ad99998 04 044a/eng | Plants. LXXXII. Vol. IV. No. 42. COMMERCIAL AND MEDICINAL PLANTS. Fig. 1. The wild Endive or Succory. (Cichorium intyhus.) 1 he Succory is a médicinal plant which grows wiid in Germany near the roads and high ways, uron the balks and mountains. ]t haï a narrow notched leaf and a starlike flower. It is a bieimial plant vvhofe leaves as well as roots have for a krng rime been eaten as vegetables, but. not long i'ince its root is beconre very remarkable i'rorn beifig ufed al* most génerally in the room of coffee. For this purpofe the Succory is now fi-equenily cultivated in gardons as well as in the iïeld where ils root becomes îhicker and mor>e pulpous. In Antumn it is taken out of the ground, cleaned, cul into frnaii pièces and after being roafted and ground like Coffee, it is kept for fale in leaden boxes. In this manrer the Succory is become at oreTent a considerable article of trade in Germany and is principally carried on by some great manufacturers in the lower Saxony. e pulpous. In Antumn it is taken out of the ground, cleaned, cul into frnaii pièces and after being roafted and ground like Coffee, it is kept for fale in leaden boxes. In this manrer the Succory is become at oreTent a considerable article of trade in Germany and is principally carried on by some great manufacturers in the lower Saxony. Fig. 2. The Pepper-Mint. (Mentha piperita.) The Peppcr-mint grows wild in England; but in Germany, thongh ail other kinds of mint are met wiih evcry where, it is only cultivated in the gardens where it stands the hardeft wmter. It forms a low fhrub whoTe stalks grow about a foot high. On the point of the stalks the white blueish flower appears like a corn-ear. The green leaves are poiï'effed of a fragrant fine il and a burning arornatick tafte whence it dérives its médicinal Virtue of strengthening the stomack, which is so strong, that, when taken, au agréable warmth is felt immediately through the whole body. | |
| Ad99998 04 045a/eng | Worms. V. Vol. IV. No. 43. ZOOPHYTES. ‘n the'Ioweft degree of tlic Animal création staud the Polypuffes, -which are also called Zoophytes, because they form as it were, the link betweeu the animal and the vegetable Création. Many species of these water-animais live in strong téguments which they never quit. VVe are hère made acquainted with some of them. Fig. 1. The magnificent Tubular Coralline. (Tubularia magnifica.) The Tubulär-Coralline is a kind of gelatinous worm found in the fea as well as in rivers. It is provided with feathered arms and refis with its lower end in a horny tube. One of the largest and most beautiful species is the magnificent tubulär coralline which is represented in Fig. 1. It is met with in hollow rocks on différent isles of the YVeftIndies. The tubulär indented body terminâtes in a great quantity of red and white feelers or antennae which the worm, >\vlien ail around him is quiet, extends îike a starlike iîovver; but at the leaft danger it retracts its antennated tuft from above and draws back into its rock. \vlien ail around him is quiet, extends îike a starlike iîovver; but at the leaft danger it retracts its antennated tuft from above and draws back into its rock. Fig. 2. The Dead-Man's hand. (Alcyonium digitatum.) The dead maris hand or dead maris toc is a foft fpongy or corklike body whofe furface is füll of little openings, through which the polypuffes that inhabit it, come forth. The hère represented species which is found on the coasts of England, dérives its name from the likeness it has with a man's finget or toe. They are found upon différent objects as for instance that of the picture is refting upon au Oyfter. Their reddish-grey furface is covered with little octagonal stars, as it appears very diftinctly in (b) which is drawn after an enlarged scale; from these star-like openings the polypuffes issue. They have eight arms (c) which on both sides are feathered or provided with fhort fibres. Fig. 3. The Rugged Coralline. (Sertularia scruposa.) These Corallines consist of horny or stom husks which are knotted like branches and also inhabited by polypuffes. They constitute a very numerous race. The species which is represented in its natural size in Fig. 3. might at the first look very eafily bë taken for a little tender plant, but when enlarged or looked at with a microscope the whittish, stony, and knotted Iiusk appears. It is very fragile and divided in its infide into différent (‘mail cells which serve for habitation to a kind of small pohpuffes that come ont throughthe openings of ihe flat sides. | |
| Ad99998 04 046a/eng | Misc. Subj. XL. Vol. IV. No. 44. REMARKABLE VOLCANICK OBJECTS OF THE LOWER ITALY. Fig 1. The Solfatara. 1 lie Solfatara is a narrow valley near Naples about 500 paces broad and 800 long. It lies between craggy rocks, and probably ows its oi'igin to a funk Volcano. It is, as it may be laid, the great manufacture of Nature for Ammoniac and Suiphur wliich by the beat of the fubterraneous fites are hère continually produced in abu'ndaiice. The ground is every where warm, in some places quite hot. Hère and there thick fuîphrtreous vapours break forth from the clefts especially those of the opening N. 3. at the end of the valley are forced out with great noife; they generali)" rife to a great height in the air, and fhine at night. Upon the sides of these openings fhoots the Amoniac and Sulphur or Briirrstone which is gathered and manufactured in the building N. I. at the other end of the valley. The whole ground of the Solfatara is white and consists of différent minerais. It trembles and founds when walked upon; but lying on the sround one hears a noife like that of boiling vvater. On the north of the valley these fubterraneous waters fall in a low and dark ground into a stinking brook. On the Eaft a small pond is feen, where the water is conltantly bubbling like boiling water though the heat is far inferiour to that uf boiling vvater. Ail these phenomena are effected by the fubterraneons lires which continually struggle under ground, though they nevèr break out into fiâmes. Fig. 2. Profpect of Stromboli. Stromboli is one of the small isles of Lipari between Naples and Sicily. The whole island consists almost entirely of a high conick mountain which rifes from the fea and whofe fummit N. I. is burning like a Volcano and emitting fmoke and fiâmes beyond the reach of hiftory and tradition. THough this little island appears wafte and defolate at a diftance, yet approaching its coaft, one feon perceives some feattered liutts, orchards and vineyards, so that the inhabitants whofe number amounts to about 1500, may be faid to live above and betwixt frre and fiâmes. Familiär with the danger they feem to defy it, for sometimes the fiâmes break out on lèverai places between the houles and gardens at the foot of the mountain. (N. 2.). The mufeadine and malmfey-wine which grows upon this hot-bed of Nature, is quite excellent. | |
| Ad99998 04 047a/eng | Roses. IV. Vol. IV. No. 45. DIFFERENT KINDS OF ROSES. Fig. 1. et 2. The half double purple Rose. (Rosa holoserica purpurea flore semipleno.) ,. » V e have mentioned this beautiful species of Roses in the descriptioii of the double purple Rose in N. 20. of this Volume. Bein g of the famé kind, it has the famé leaves and wood, but its bufh îs st ronger and faller, and its flowers are more brillant than those of the double purple Rose; befides it has the following peculiar quality which no other kind of Rose is poffeffed of. In the evening the flowér fhuts itself Hals, and the gre. en leaves fhrink together, opening and displaying its füll luftre'with erected leaves at noon when the fun fhines; consequently it falls towards evening in th'ë flumber of vegetables which \ve perceive in various other plants. In the annexed picture it is represented in both its st&tes. In Fig. 1. w, e perceive it in -its füll luftae. of the -Noon and in Fig. 2. \ve fee the fîovver-leaves almolî fhut, the g-reen stalk-leaves flackly hanging down, and tke whole flower as if it were, in its flumber. | |
| Ad99998 04 048a/eng | Birds. LVII. Vol. IV. No. 46. DIFFERENT KINDS OF BUNTINGS. I he nwnierous race of Buntin'gs contains about eight; di fêtent [pedes, some of which e?p(. Lö öther countries a-re beautiful. Thej all live upon feeds. uni insects. In Germant 9 Species onlj are known, of which the folio wing are the most reniai; ib e. Fig. 1. TheYellow Hammer. (Emberiza citrinella). , The yellow Hammer or Bunting isknown everv where, Kving m fummer in the gai aivl in wintér near the villages arid farms. It. is about the Bze of a fparrow and its yellow plumage renders it a pretty bird. In fpring it raifés its chearful voice before ail other birds. Fig. 2. The Grey Bunting. (Emberiza milliaria) The grey "Bunting is the largest rpecies. Its dark brown feathe-rs give it 119 pretty appearance. It live* lonely in the fîelds or on he roads and. is rather a !az\ bird, for it very often lïts still upon a frone or a clod for some hôurs together. It builds its nest in the grass under some bufh. In Autumn it paffës into warmer eôtintries, but also very often reinains in Germany and is frequently causht with the yellow Hammers. Its fief h is very tentier and well tasted. Fig. 3. The Reed-sparrow. (Emberiza Schöniclus.) Tï is muco, lèss in Eze than the preceeding species. Its plumage is of a disagreablë "brown -nd grev. It lives in Öocks in the reed banks of raarfhes and feeds upon Water-infects and reed-feeds. It dérives its naine from the resemblahce it bears to a fpafrdw. It lias a fliriii voice aud mates very often a créât noire iri reedy marfhes especially when many are bôîlected together. In winter it paiïes into Italy but cornes hack again to build its lieft in fpring. Its flesh is very well tasted. Fig. 4. The Ortolan. (Emberiza hortulana). The Ortolan is not so common in Germany as it is in the southern parts of Europe, in Italy, Grèce, and especially on the island of Cyprus, where it is found in great abundance living in the Millet-fields. It is rekable on account of the delicacy of its fleih which is generalis considered to he the heft 1 of ail the bird's fief h. In Italy andCyprus man] thoufands are caught and fent in chests and tubs into other Countries where they are fold at a high price. The Ortolan sometimes eats itself in one day so fat that it refemhles a lump of greafe. Fig. 5. The Cirl Bunting. (Emberiza claeathorax). This beautiful species is more fréquent in the warmer parts of Europe for iufiance in îi dy and France, than it is inGermany which it also leaves very early in Autunin. It lives on caterpillars and différent feeds. Its flesh is very well tafteu-. Fig. 6. The Snow-Bunting. (Emberiza nivalis). The Snoio-Bunting or Snow-B;'rd is an Inhabitant of the coîder parts of Europe and Asia, even as far as the Polar-regions, and only strays into Germany as a bird of passage in very cold winters, its frze and colour is equal to that of the yellow hammer, and also it live. on the faine nouriihment. On account of its well tasted flelh il is very much fought after, and frequently fold for the Ortolan. | |
| Ad99998 04 049a/eng | Plants. LXXXIII. Vol. IV. No. 47. DIFFERENT SORTS OF FRUIT-SHRUBS. Fig. 1. The common Blea-berry. (Vaccinium myrtillus). T-» he common Blea-berry or B1ack-Whort is a low fhrub which scareely grows one foot high'; it thrives beft under the heath in thinniih pine-and firwoods. lis blossom is reddish-white and its dark blue berries are polfefied of a pungent yet agreeable tafte. The berries are eaten raw as well as boiled; when dried, they are frequently uferl to die and strengihen the light french red wine. For this purpoie great quantities of these berries are annually exported into France, e. specialiy by Harnburgh and Bremen where they conltitutea considerable commercial article. Fig. 2. The red Bilberry. (Vaccinium vitis idaea.) The red B'iherryox Whorile-berry -Shrub grows in the woods of Germany, very often mixed, and on the famé spot with the Bleaberry-fhrnb to which it bears great relemblance, with the only différence of being more délicate and scareely attaining the height of a fpan. The berries and juice are of a light-red colour; the latte* is aromatick but taftes fû fharp that the berries canuot be eaten when raw; boiled and preferved in fuggar they afford an agreeable whole some and relishing dish which usually is eaten with roafted méat. In Ruffia and Sïberia a very strong but agreeable and comfortable beverage is prepared from the juice. Fig. 3. The Cranberry. (Vaccinium exicoccos.) The Cranberry, Moorberry, or Mossberry is only to be found in the northern countries as for instance in Lapland, Ruffia and Sibiria where it grows creeping under the mots in marfhy places and turfmoors. Its little blossoms (Fig. a.) as well as its berries (Fig. b.) are red, but the berries tafte so four and aftringent that they cannot be eaten when raw. In Sweden and Ruffia they eat thempreferved or? make a strong beverage of them. | |
| Ad99998 04 050a/eng | Fish XXXIII. Vol. IV. No. 48. DIFFERENT KINDS OF HARNESS-FISH. 1 nature providcd différent kinds of Fish with a bony or scaled coat of mail to défend them against the attacks of their ennemies. Four of these armed water-inhabitants are represented in the annexed picture. Fig. 1. The Harress-pike. (Esox osseus.) This pike is found in the rivers and lakes of the Eaf'f-and Weh-Indies. It grows to a length of 3 or 4 feet and lives upon olher fish. Un aecount of its well tasted flesh it is frequently eaten. BeTides it is reinarkable for its figure. The two jaws are tapering like a bill and befet with teeth of uncomon fharpness; and the wholebody is covered with afirongcoat of féales which fecures it against its ennemies. The [cales are of three différent forts: on the top of the back they are of a heart-like form, on the sidesthey are fqnare, and on the lower parts rhombick; the first fpokes or rays of the fins are provided with very strong stings. Fig. 2. The Guacari. (Loricaria plecostomus.) This beantiful orange, -tawny fish is met with in the waters of South-America. The Upper part of the head is bony, the lower part broad, foft andwrinkled. The sides of the body are covered with four xows of hard feutiform (cales, every one of which is armed with a sting that terminâtes in a fharp point. Its large fins are ornamented with light and darkbrown spots. foot. Its whole length is about i | |
| Ad99998 04 051a/eng | Antiquities. VIII. Vol. Im. No 49. THE CIRCUS OF THE ANCIENT ROMANS. treur> qui fan* nadikc souries d^rWsfe IpW, qui fe, ar les oniara « ‘;' voyons ici est de Jrttein portaient S autour du corps pour la plupart Romains de si les chars KÜ par derrière et «ire chevaux dans portaient le uàriça, Celui q\û premier la courte ie premier 1 iriale, »tînt. :, une oi'fr rîeCIiar. a an chat m l'était le. « bélier edeferyétaitaîtachar; ilTervaiten lar leger. >ur couronne. Ufit up--1 ilWu HP i he Anrients held their races not in the open fiel i as the English cio at prêtent, but within magaifif'ent publick buildings which furrouuded the large open couife, and which were only accomodated for the purpofe of publick grime?. Thel'e place? were generally called CircuJJes. of the annexed pictîire represents a Circus, feveral ûf which exifted in ancient Rome. qui fan* nadikc souries d^rWsfe IpW, qui fe, ar les oniara « ‘;' voyons ici est de Jrttein portaient S autour du corps pour la plupart Romains de si les chars KÜ par derrière et «ire chevaux dans portaient le uàriça, Celui q\û premier la courte ie premier 1 iriale, »tînt. :, une oi'fr rîeCIiar. a an chat m l'était le. « bélier edeferyétaitaîtachar; ilTervaiten lar leger. >ur couronne. Ufit up--1 ilWu HP i he Anrients held their races not in the open fiel i as the English cio at prêtent, but within magaifif'ent publick buildings which furrouuded the large open couife, and which were only accomodated for the purpofe of publick grime?. Thel'e place? were generally called CircuJJes. of the annexed pictîire represents a Circus, feveral ûf which exifted in ancient Rome. ur couronne. Ufit up--1 ilWu HP i he Anrients held their races not in the open fiel i as the English cio at prêtent, but within magaifif'ent publick buildings which furrouuded the large open couife, and which were only accomodated for the purpofe of publick grime?. Thel'e place? were generally called CircuJJes. of the annexed pictîire represents a Circus, feveral ûf which exifted in ancient Rome. Fig. 1. A Circus of the Ancient Romans. 1. The Circus was an oblong-fquare building and on one of the narrow sides femicircular; its infide was furnished all around with fionebenches and feats for the fpectators, and encorupaffed a large open place deftined for the charriot-and horfe-race', for the gladiators and wreftlers-for the combats of wild beafts and other publick games. , On the outille were différent halls, avenues, and galleries, but also un the narrow part of the infide fa) were various hails J'hut up with gâtes, where the chariots, horfes and wild beafts were kept tili the games began. In the middle of the courle and in a longitudinal direction was a wall, 12 fèet broad and 6 feet high (c) whofe top was ornamanîecî. with little temples, altars, obelisks, pyramids, conick towers'and statues especially those of Neptune and C)bele; and which was called the fpina, (the fpine) on the two ends of îhis élévation or eßrade Aood thîee high cories of stone clofe to each other. (d) Round these cônes which were called metae and which served them also for starting pofts, the racers were obliged to turn seven times. At (B) was a white Line in the courle, called creta schalk) where the race began. At fe) was the great gâte or outrance in to the circus, above which the box of the Lmperour or Coniul was situated and from which the fignal for the beginning ol the race was given. Fig. 2. A Quadriga. The chariot-räcers were divided into various factions, which difiinguished themselves by the différent colours of their dress', the hère reprefeuted was of the green faction; they wore ieather-girclles round the wailt and arms and were generally Equestrians or other young noble Romans; they drove, standing in the low chariot which, was open behind, The chariot was na med B/ga, Triga or' Quadriga from the nurnber of the horfes which, were yoked clofe to each other. He that first lïnished the seventh turn round the fpina and arrived first at the Meta which was oppofite to the Em. erour's box, jumped upon the meta, and received as Victor a palm-twig, a wreath, crovvn or the like. Fig. 3. The pole and Yoke of the Chariot. Not onlv the chariot and wheels were decorated with elegant carvings, but also the pole was generally adorned with a rarn's head oi bronze. To the pole the double yo>e of iron was faf. ened which layed over the backs of the two pole horfes, and which beingbuckled below, served at the famé timeto Rapport the pole and to draw the light chariot. e of iron was faf. ened which layed over the backs of the two pole horfes, and which beingbuckled below, served at the famé timeto Rapport the pole and to draw the light chariot. Fig. 4. A crowned Victor. At the chariot-races the victor not only jreceived a palm-twig, wreath orcrown, but also medals were stamped in his honour; and eu'ii the heads of his horfes were adorned with palm-twigs as the ancient Medal (Fig. 4.) shows. | |
| Ad99998 04 052a/eng | Plants. LXXXIV. Vol. IV. No. 50. REMARKABLE COMMERCIAL PLANTS. Fig. 1. The Caoutchou. (Hevea guianensis.) J he Caoutchou is the ramarkable tree that provides us with the elaftick gum or Indiarubber as it is generally called, which in the year 1736 was first brought to Europe by the famous traveller de la Condamine, It grows in South-America and constitutes a particular genus of plants. Its trunk grows above 60 feet high and about three feef. in circumference, Its leaves are threelobed and grow on long stalks upon the end of the branches, and the little yeilowish flowers appear in cluftres belween the stalks. The fruit consists of a large and very hard feecl-café of three cells (Fig. b.) every one of which contains two or three grey grains of feed. (Fig. c.) When the bark of the trunk is fût, a railkwhite juice cornes for'. h, which after its fluid is evaporated in the air, con ‘enfes inîoa totigh refin and yields the elaftick garn that at first vie. v appears to be brown lealher, and which, be it ever so much protraclecl or extended, imrnediately contracts again. With this gum which at first is irery fort and in consequence eafily takes any form, the Americans cover little eaïthen flâtks, and after having dried the covering at the fire, they brealk the earthen mould within, and fhake the pièces out of the neck of the flafk; hence we generally receive the elaftick gum in the form of little flafks. Fig. 2. The Egyptian Mimosa. (Mimosa nilotica.) The Egyptictn Mimosa or Acacia is the tree that fupplies us with the well known Arabian Gum. ït grows wild in the arid parts of Arabia, Egvpt and Africa. The tree attains a conl'idérable height; its tender pennated leaves are formée! like those of the Acacia (Fig. a.); its flowers are y'ellow and round like a bail (Fig. b), and the long, brown, and indented hufk conîains the oval feeds or beans. The Arabian Gum issues hère and there from the bark and forms itself on the outfide cruft into pièces of the size of a Walnut, like the gum on our cherry-trees. Its colour is white, yellow, or broAvn; it diffolves very eafily in Water and cornes from the Levant to Europe. It is ufed in Medicine as well as in painting and filk-manufactures, and constitutes therefore a very ufeful corn mercial article. | |
| Ad99998 04 053a/eng | Birds. LVIII. Vol. IV. No. 51. REMARKABLE BIRDS. Fig. 1. The Royal Tody. (Todus regius.) This beautiful bird is an inhabitant of SouthAmerica. It is remarkable for its uncommonly flat bill whence its German name is derived. This bird feecls feemingly upon insects, but its manner of living is little known. It is about 7 inches long. Fig. 2. The Largebilled Tody. (Todus macrorhynchus.) This kind is larger than the former and. measures 8 inches. It is also met with in South-America. Its plumage is of a fhining black and red, and the white feathers which hang over its wings, give it a beautiful appearance. beautiful european birds. It builds its rieft on the higli banks of large rivers and migrâtes in little flocks of 10 or 12 as far as the frontiers of northern Germany. Its flesh is very' well tasted. Fig. 3. The common Bee-eater. (Merops apiaster.) lives in Europe ând occurs even in Germany. It is about 12 inches long and on account of its lively colours one of the most Fig. 4. The Nubian Bee-eater. (Merops Nubicus.) This kind is still handfomer than the above mentioned but a little less in size. Its native countries are Egypt and Nubia. Fig. 5. The Cayenne Bee-eater. (Merops Cayennensis.) This bird is found in South America especially in Cayenne. Its principal colour is a dirty green, iti>‘ tail and quillfeathers are of a reddish yellow. The Bee-eaters belong on account of their plumage to the class of the finelt birds. Flg. 6. They inhabit the warm régions of ail parts of the world. They live commonly upon bées and. wafps whence they are called Bee-eaters. ‘ tail and quillfeathers are of a reddish yellow. The Bee-eaters belong on account of their plumage to the class of the finelt birds. Flg. 6. They inhabit the warm régions of ail parts of the world. They live commonly upon bées and. wafps whence they are called Bee-eaters. Fig. 6. The Caddaejr or green Bee-eater. (Merops viridis.) This beautiful bird lives in the East-Indies and is the Imalleft of the Beé-eaters. Its throat and belly are green marked with yellow spots, its back and tail are brown. The two middle feathers of the tail are longer than the reft but very narrow. | |
| Ad99998 04 054a/eng | Fish. XXXIV. Vol. IV. No. 52. DIFFERENT KINDS OF MACKARELS. i he Mackarels belong to the dais of the beft eating and most délicate fish. Their size is vevy différent, but they ail inhabit only the warm feas. Fig. 1. The Royal Mackarel. (Scomber regalis.) This beautiful fish is feveral feet Ions:. The colour on its back is of a dark purple but on the si de s and belly it fhines like fil ver, which with the black eyes and the bright yellow ring about them gives the fish a very handfome appearance. The fishermen reckon it for a good booty. Fig. 2. The Breastscale. (Scomber Sarda.) This kind is less in size but as well tasted as the former. Its back which is of a lighthlue Colour, is ornamented with a great number of dark brown Ipots which bear the form of the crefeent and give the fish a beautiful appearanc e. Fig. 3. The Pilot. (Scomber ductor.) Is of a larger size than the above mentioned kind. It has a thick bluntish head which like the whole body has a dark blue colour. Its fins are blue and yellow. On the sides two rows of yellow scales run in a regulär feries. Fig. 4. Plumier ‘s Mackarel. (Scomber Plumierii.) The famous Naturalift Plumier discovered first this kind of Mackarels in the Eaft-Indian Seas whence it dérives its name. It is of the whole tribe the smallelt in size but very prettily pencilled. Its back is dark afh-blue and three bands of the famé colour run acroJ's its body. | |
| Ad99998 04 055a/eng | Plants LXXXV. Vol. IV. No. 53. MEDICINAL PLANTS. Fig. 1. The Manna-Ash. (Fraxinus ornus.) The Manna, a known gentle purgative, is the concreted juice of an afh-tree which is called the Manna-afli. It grows wild in the southern parts of Germany but its proper native countries are Naples, Calabria, and Sicilia. It is a low tree and very seldom exceeds the height of 16 or ï8 feet. Its leaves are white; its blossoms grow in bunches and have a very fweet Imell, In order to gather the Manna horizontal incisions are made in the barsc of the tree from which the juice oozes the whole summer through into hollow leaves which for that purpofe are tied on the branches and where it hardens and dries. In Calabria and Sicilia it constitutes a considerable commercial article to the King who lias the Monopoly and for whom alone it is. gathered. The fmèll as well as the tafte of the Manna is difagreeably fweet. Fig. 2. The Sarsaparilla. (Smilax Sassaparilla.) The Sarsaparilla is a weak and feeble bush which grows in the marshy countries of South-America either creeping on the grouncl or winding itself round the trees. Its stalks are befet with small prickles; its leaves are oval, pointed, and deeply indented; its blossoms are white (Fig. c.) it bears dark red brown berries which grow in bunches (Fig. b.) but are not to be eaten. Its root who le phyfical virtue is known, is a knot (Fig. a.) ab ont an inch thick which divides itself into long fibrous branches under the surface of the ground. It is the only ufe. « ful part of the whole plant; it is digged out, anddried, and constitutes a pretty dear article of commerce. | |
| Ad99998 04 056a/eng | Antiquities. IX. Vol. IV. No. 54. CROWNS OF THE ANCIENTS. The Greeks and Romans used différent kinds ûfO. rowns 10 reward thoie who gained a victory or rendered aiïotHér important fervice to their country. Every kind of these crowns or publick marks of honour bad its peculiar form and its particular materials of which it was m ade. Fig. 1. et 2. The Beam-Crown. The Ream Crown was of gold. It was omamented with nprigbt fianding rays of gold which denoted the beams of the l'un or the deifying of any great man. The Generalg wbo returned in tiiumph from a noted victory or a gained conquest, were crowned with it at their entrance in Rome. Sometimes they wore it npon their beim et of Iteel which generally was decorated with a golden griffin. Fig. 3. et 4. The Laurel-Crown. This Crowrn was a wreath of Laurel which the victorious Generals in their triumph wore either on their head or round their belmet. The Laureate-Crown was the gênerai lïgn of victory, and the victors in the publick games, the wreftlers andraeers, as well as the poets and ârtifts who gained the prize, "were crowned writh it. Fig. 5. The Citizen-Crown. was a wreath of oak leaves and properly the bigheft military reward or mark of honour which a Roman citizen could receive for faving the life of a fellow citizen, or rendering a great i'ervice, when the common welfare was in danger. Fig. 6. The Siege-Crown. was given to a warrior who bf his personal valeur clelivered a befieged town from the ennemy. It consisted of Grass and Grass-llowers wdiieh generally were taken from the walls of the delivered town. Fig. 7. The Wall-Crown. This Crown was of gold, embellished with little pinnacles. It was beftowed upon the warrior who in an affault got iïrst upon the wall of the befieged towrn. To the famé purpofe served Fig. 8. The Camp-Crown. which was also of gold but omamented with palillados. It was given to the warrior who first broke through the intrenchments of an ennerny's camp. Fig. 9. The Vessel Crown. was of Gold. Its ornament consisted of roftrums with iron points. It was the reward of an Admiral that returned victorions from a sea-battle. | |
| Ad99998 04 057a/eng | Miscellanies. XLI. Vol. IV. No. 55. TELEGRAPHS. The Telegraph is a machinery which is ufed at present especially in military bufiness and warlike undertakings, to* give a certain and fpeedy notice to a great diftance. The art whicli is called Telegraphy, is ancient, but the contrivance o£ the present machine is nevv, and invented by the French, who particularly in the last war employed it with the greatest advantage. The fïrst Telegraph was erected at the Louvre in Paris; the fécond at Lisle in Flandres, and immediately proper correspondance was carried on. Fig. 1. The Telegraph of the Louvre in Paris. This figure represents the outfide view of the Telegraph. Through the ceiling of a small room whofe fide-walls consist ail around of Windows, paffes a strong pole, on the top of which the machine is erected and managed with cords, or strings. The Telegraph itself consists of a board or rather frame about 9 or 12 feet long and 14 inches broad. On the two ends of it two other boards of the fnme breadth b, ut only Hals as long are joined. The whole machine is linked together with hinges and provided with cords, by which the variousparts aremoved, and the différent angles and other figures produced which in Telegraphy are adopted for Letters or the lignification of words. Better shews Fig. 2. The Telegraph of Lisle. the interiour mechanism and contrivance along with the obfervatory. Upon the roof stands an Officer who with a good Télescope obferves the next Telegraph in motion. This officer dictâtes to a Secretary that fits under him ail his obfervations from word to word. When the report is finished the Secretary dictâtes to the Machinist who manages the Telegraph, every motion and figure which is neceffary, and in this manner a received report is inflau tly dêïiveyed to the next Telegraph. | |
| Ad99998 04 058a/eng | Birds. LIX. Vol. IV. No. 56. DIFFERENT KINDS OF MARSH-BIRDS. Fig. 1. The Chesnut jacana, or spurwinged Water-hen. (Parra jacana.) This bird inhabits the marshy grounds of di-America e;;pc. ciaily the fhores of ri. vers and Jakes. It-il about 10 or 12 feet long and of adarkbrown or ebeiJlBtCoîom'j en aocount of two little liuirns or fpurs which grow on ii;p [ffoïîd joint of its w'mgs, it is called fpurwinged. Iti extraordinarily long toes enable il to march over the fens and 18 feek for aequatick worms an si isfecti which it lives upon. Ils flesh il very well lasted. Fig. 2. The Spotted jacana. (Parra variabilis.) This kind il geuerally moi with in Brafil, Gl iana, an'! St. Domingo« It il variegated and heauîifully pencilled. Its size is less to that of the chernut jacana; water worms and insects are its food. – Fig. 3. The Afrikan jacana. (Parra africana.) Lives only in Africa; itis abont the size of the meniioned kiiïd. , and of a light cinnamon colour. Its extremely long toes, quite unsuitable to the elegant shape of its body, give it a peculiar appearance. Fig. 4. The Land-rail. (Rallus crex.) The Land-rail which sometimes is called the Land-hen or Daker-hen, is indigenous to Germany but also fournd over Europe, Asia, and North-America. It resembles the Quail in figure and colour but is much superiour in size. This bird has often been taken to be the leader of the quails on their migrations and therefore in some parts also called the King of quails, but this opinion is erroneous as it belongs immediately to the tribe of the rails. It is found on marshy meadows and corn-fields; and lives upon worms and grass-hoppers. It does not fly well, but runs the better and in summer it is heard from evening to night. Its flesh tastes well. Fig. 5. The Philipine Rail. (Rallus Philippensis.) Is found on the Philipine-Islands It is larger in size tilan the Land-rail and bcanii fully pencilled. It lives upon the famé food with other marfh-birds and its méat is reckoned extreniely good. Fig. 6. The white Sheath-bird. (Vaginalis alba.) The Slieath -bird equals the size of a pigeon. It is white and conftitûtes a particulir tribe among the marfh-birds. Iti lliick bil] is covered with a fheaih which up to the > is füll of litt le warts. Et abonnai on the coasts of New-Zealand and îhe islauds or the fouth-fea. Its food coilfiîf(8 of camion and fhellfishs; its flesh is not to be eaten. | |
| Ad99998 04 059a/eng | Plants. LXXXVI. Vol. IV. No. 57. POISONOUS PLANTS. e quelques mi. onrprêe, ou 1 la vérité l'omtel'e n'en est pas se garder d'elle e chez nous, fréquemment iw Lontueuîes etprifl101. BW/«» îds pofttïi» 5 campasi!« at affo e ses feuilles v«a tue hommes'mains c'est aussi m» Fig. 1. The Common Laurel or Cherry-bay. (Prunus laurocerasus.) JL he common Laurel is a very large bufh of c or 6 feet high; its leaves are handfome, evergreen, and gloffy like those of the baytree; the flowers are white and ocloriferous; its dark blue cherry like fruit grows in clufters. It is frequently found on the fhores of the black-fea, but thrives alto in open air in the milder climate of thefouthernGermany. The fruit which, as may be obferved in (Fig. a.) contains a stone, is not eatable. The flowers and leaves have an agreeable tafte like that of a bitter almond, but are poifonous and a few drops of the oil or water diftilled from them, arefuffîcientto kill a man or an animal in a few minutes. Fig. 2. The purple Fox-Glove or bell flower. (Digitalis purpurea.) The pur pie fox-glove is an ornament ot our gardens but being a poifonous plant; \ve ought to be the more upon our guard against it as is indigenous to Germany and abundantly found in hilly countries and woods as well as on rocks. The stalk of the plant is very strong; it grows about 3' or 4 feet high, and bears a quantity of finebell-flowers. Its fmell occafions stupefaction and the feeds as well as the juice of the flowers and green leaves areafharp and mortiferous poifon to men and animals; but in the hand of a fkillful phyfician and ufed with proper précaution, they afford a strongly cperating medicine. | |
| Ad99998 04 060a/eng | Miscellanies. XLI. Vol. IV. No. 58. GLACIERS OF THE ALPS. The lake of ice on the Mount Montanvert. The Alps of Switzerland are the higheft élévation in the ancient world and contain the famous Mon:blanc which is the higheft point of the globe in Europe, Asia and Africa, and vvhofe élévation is only surpassed by the immen se Chimboraço in South-America. These Alps offer to our view on account of their particular situation the greatest beauties and most curions subjects in natural hiftory; they contain mountains which rear their lofty heads, overspread with ice, above the fkies. - Between these Mountains lakes, immenfe rocks, bottomless abyffes, Valleys and fields of ice varv with fources which J fwell to great rivers, and rivulets which falling down from the higheft rocks are diffolved into duft and difappear in the air; whilft v, :i!ies covered with verdure, fertile paftures and other won dors of natura border the great chain of these mountains. One of the most remarkable objects of the alps are the Glaciers. Glaciers are called the immenfe Valleys of ice which rest between the points of rocks; or those fields of ice which lay on the higheft mountains. One of the greatest and most remarkable glaciers is the lake of ice on the foot or Montanvert. It is a long valley quite filled up with ice; it may be overlooked from the height where the little hut is represented, and resembles a lake instantaneously frozen not i:x the midst of a violent storm but after the wind had ceafed and the waves loft their roughness. These waves ofice are interfectedby numerous large and deep transverse crevices, whofe infides look Mue and which are very dangerous to paffengers. On each side of these pointed rocks lesser glaciers rest and in the hind part of the picture we perceive the great Jurassis, which is one of the loftieft mountains of the alps and çntirely covered with fnow. The mountain itself on which in the fore part of the picture the society is represented is a very fertile alp which borders these tremendous ice-rocks. | |
| Ad99998 04 061a/eng | Miscellanies. XLII. Vol. IV. No. 59. GLACIERS OF THE ALPS. The Valley of Chamouny. The Valley of Chamouny is the most beautiful and most remarkable Valley not only in the Alps of Switzerland but perhaps in the whole World; for hère are to be found some of the mostfublime exhibitions of nature in her most awful and tremendous form interfected with so many romantick and picturesque scenes, that one is struck with amazement at first perceiving them. Having the form of a cradle and the bending of a bow it is almost seven hours long. It is incompaffed by Itupendous mountains and rugged rocks whofe heads touch heaven and whofe narrow valleys filled up with glaciers, exhibit the most delightful landscape that can be conceived. At some diftance Mont-Blanc, the higheft mount in ihe ancient world, whofe fummits and sides are covered to a considerable depth with eternal ice and snow, elevates its head above the clouds; as we fhall better fee in the next picture. The superb glaciers which are perceived between the fummits and sides of the granitrocks, generally proceed from the Lake of ice described in the former picture. Under these maffes of ice numerous fources and rivulets rife which rival the brightness of criftal; even the river. Arveiron which waters the whole valley, il'fues like a filver-ftream from an ice grotto of a Glacier. Very often a thunder-like noife is heard in the valley which is produced by the fragments of ice falling down from the tops of these Glaciers. The ice though in some parts about 100 feet deep, continually thaws at the bottom and hence the quantity of water proceeds which inceffantly pouring forth gives rife to many large rivers. The furface of the ice is not frnooth nor very fiippery, but rather rough and therefore easy to be passed. | |
| Ad99998 04 062a/eng | Miscellanies. XLIII. Vol. IV. No. 60. MOUNTAINS COVERED WITH SNOW. View of Mont-Blanc. In all the parts of the World the summits of high mountains are to a certain depth of the Atmofphere which ia called the Snoiv-Une, fo. x ever clolhed vvith a mantle of fnow; yet this etevnal fnow melting continually at the bottom by thé natural heat of the earth, forms many fources, Jo that these peaks and ridges of ice and fnow by the wife contrivance of nature feem to be ihe refervers of water, from which lovera] large rivers issue. One of the largest and most diverging Inow-ridges are the alps of Switzerland and especially the Mont-Blanc, which is the higheft mountain in the ancient world, and whofe profpect is represented in the annexed picture. The little agreeable Valley from which we fee the mountain, liôs near the village Chede and the little limpid lake in the forepirt of the picture is called-the Lake of chede. Ail «iround and quite clofe to this immensc fnow peak, green and rieh paftures are perceived, and the climat« is io warm and mild in this little valley that fruit and even grapes grow and ripen in it. Mont-Blanc or the white Mountain conHft. s of feve'ral pointed peaks, small vallevs and rocks which muft be croffed, before one arrives at it« bigheft point. The foot of Mont-Blanc extends to the valley of Chamouni which we have seen in the last picture and from which to the funimit of the mountain 18 hours are reckoned. Till the year 1775 the fummit was deemed inaccefl'ible; the danger of fallin g into the immenfe chasms and abyffes or of perishing for want of strcngth and the fear to be deprived of breath in this formidable height, kept the boldeft from attempting the afeent; onlyin the year 1775 lèverai attempts were made by the fuggestion of the famous naturalist M. de Sauffure; but many failed tili at lait Dr. Paccard, phyfî. ciari of Chamouny fucceeded on the 8 of August 1786; after him M. de Sauffure and many others reached the fummit, from which the loftieft alps appear like hillocks. | |
| Ad99998 04 063a/eng | Antiquities. X. Vol. IV. No. 61. MUSICAL INSTIRUMETS OF THE ANCIENTS. Pipes, Sistrums and Cymbals. The ancient Greeks and Romans had, as well as we, différent kinds of mufical Instruments which consisted partly of string-instruments, as Lyre?, Guitars, Pfalteries, partly of wind-instruments as Pipes, Flûtes, and Horns. The first served to accoinpany their tunes and longs at the divine iervice and facrifices; thc latter to which also Siftrums and Cymbals were added, were ufed in the feftival procefficns of Bacchus and Cybele, or with other warlike musick at the folemn publick entries of the triumphers. Tn the annexe! picture we are made acquainted with the différent pipes, fiftrums, and cvmbals. Fig. 1. 2. 3. Sistrums, Tabors and Bells. Fig. 1. A ring of iron-plate with feveral incitions, in which little round brass-plates were suspended and continually shaken. Fig. 2. A brass-ring on which fix-or more bells of harmonical tones were fastened in fuch a manner thaï they coüld ca. sily turn round. They were commonly ufed by the~daneers who moved them regularly according to the tune of their dance. Fig. 3. An iron-ring like Fig. 1. on its outfide füll of little brass-bells and covered on one fide with parchement. These were also ufed by the dancers who beat and fbook them according to the time of their musick. Fig. 4. Cymbals. They were made of brass and likewife ufed by the dancers who beat them one against the other. Fig. 11. The Sistrum was of an oval form or a dilated femi-circle with brass-wires accross, which played in their holes. Fig. 12. The Triangle and Fig. 13. The great Cymbal. both these instruments were beaten with drumfticks" Fig. 10. The Sambucca was properly a Hals triangle strung with fii'ings iike a havp or pfaltery. Fig. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Simple and compounded pipes. Fig. 5. The simple pipe. Fig. 6. The double pipe. Fig. 7. The crooked pipe. Fig. 8. The double flute on which sometimes a hörn was put to strenghten and deepen its tone. Fig. 9. The Pan's-Pipe or Syrinx. This pipe consisted of seven reeds of différent length tieft in one row. The player pafled with his lips over th# upper opening» or holes, Many of these instruments are still used. | |
| Ad99998 04 064a/eng | Antiquities XI. Vol. IV. No. 62. MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS OF THE ANCIENTS. Lyres and Guitars or Lutes. The present picture shews us the Lyres and Guitars or Lutes of the Ancient Greeks and Romans in différent îorms. The Lyre is perhap. s the most ancient Infirument known. The tune of its invention is beyond the reach of hiftory. The shell of a turtle or the scull of an animal into which a pair of ox-or goat-horns or a couple of tree-branches were stuck, a pièce of wood fastened accross thèse horns and stringed with gut or wire-ftrings, were perhaps the firlt ingrédients of the Lyre, which afterwards by art has been so much embelliihed with gilding and other decorations. Thus the différent forais of the Lyre represented in Fig. 1. 3. 4. 5. J. 8» and 10 took their rife. In later times the Guitar, represented in Fig. 2, 6, and 9, proceeded from the Lyre and soon became a more finished instrument; it was provided with pegs and a belly and commonly stringed with seven harmonious strings. Its tone therefore was stronger and more melodious than that of the Lyre. The Greeks and Romans ufed the Lyre with the odes art their facrifices, banquets and feafts, or whenever one of their poets and bards fung a hymn or fong in publick, and hence that part of poetry which contains airs, or single stanzas, is still callcld Lyrick Poetry. | |
| Ad99998 04 065a/eng | Plants. LXXXVII. Vol. IV. No. 63. EXOTICK PLANTS. The tuberous Cyperns. (Cyperus esculentus.) This plant is become remarkable in Gevmany fince its small tuberous root has been recommended and ufed in ihe room of coffee. It belongs to the grass gender and is also sometimes called: Cyperus-Grass. It is a native of the Orient especially of the Levant and Egyptt where is grows wild. Fig. 1. shews this plant in its natural size, when Hals grown, and resembling to a common grass-fhrub. Its copious capillaceous roots are füll of little white knots which, when full grown, become those knobs (Fig. a et b) that commonly are called the luberous cypemsoxsometimes Earth-Almonds. In Fig. 2. the plant appears in its full growth with the tuberons roots which are taken ont of ground like potatoes. The knobs are commonly covered with 5 rows of scales or rather hufks which lie one upon anolher like tiles, as may be seen in Fig. a. et b. where they are represented in their natural size. They have an agréable taste very much like almonds and are eaten either raw or roafted. In Italy a very good beverage and différent dishes are prepared from them. When roafted like coffee they afford a beverage fimilar to coffee. Hence they not only have been recommended and made ufe of in the room of coffee but the plant is also frequently cultivated and begins to constitute an article of trade. | |
| Ad99998 04 066a/eng | Insects. XXVII. Vol. IV. No. 64. INSECTS OF CHINA. Almost all the natural products of China, as flowers, birds, fish, insects have generally very bright and lively colours, as we have i'een in many o£ the foregoing pictures. The différent species of insects represented in the present picture give us another proof of it. Fig. 1. The Spotted Locust. (Grillus morbillosus.) This locust is ahout 2l inches long and oi very gay colours. Its-breaft is red; the wing-cafés are of a dark-green blue, and the underwings of a beautiful red, adorned with black spots. The body is black crofl'ed by red and yellow stripes. The legs are yellovv. It is represented flying. Fig. 2. The Striped Buprestis. (Buprestis vittata.) The Buprestis (the burn cow or burst cow) has certainly amoug the insects the most beautiful colours as may appear from the present figure. It is variegated with yellow, blue, and orange-Stripes and the colours are extremely lively and glittering. Fig. 3. The ocellated Buprestis. (Buprestis occellata.) This kind exceeds the former in beauty, for its wing being cafés ornamented with blue, yellow and red eyes and shields. The Chinel'e ufe the wing-cafés of this as well as of the former kind for embroideries and other ornaments of dress and fumiture. Fig. 4. The China-beetle. (Scarabaeus Chinensis.) The China beetle resembles entirely the European except its glittering emerald-colour. Its legs are yellow. Fig. 5. The Spotted Spider. (Aranea maculata.) This spider is by far not so hideous as our common spider. It has a fil very grey breast under which its head (Fig. a.) is generally hidden. The body is oval and flender and its colour a beautiful yellow and red. Its extended legs are very osten 3 or 4 feet Iong. Fig. 6. The China Peranthus. (Papilio Eques Peranthus.) This beautiful butterfly belongs to the Day-butterflies or papillons of China and on acebunt of its pointée! underwings to the equestrian kind (Equités). It is even in China scarce and hence a true ornament of the collections of insects. | |
| Ad99998 04 067a/eng | Birds. LXV. Vol. IV. No. 65. SCARCE GERMAN BIRDS. Fig. 1. The long legged plover. (Charadrius himantopus.) This rare bird belongs to the tribe of the marfh-birds, and especially to the kind of the plovers. Its size may be compared to that of the golden or green plover. Its long, extraordinarily thin and nimbleî; legs give it a peculiar appearance. The back is of a fhining black; the quill -feathers are brown, edged with white; head, neck and breast are white. It occurs on the sides of the Danube and other large rivers, but is also sometimes met with as a bird of passage. It runs and flies with uncommon fwiftness and fubfifts chiefly on Water-infects. Fig. 2. The Avoset. (Recurvirostra avosetta.) This bird is also called the sco per; It belongs on account of the form of its bill to the crooked bills of the marfh-birds; It equals in regard to its size and legs the long legged plover but its body is much thicker and its feet are provided with a fwim-membrane like the feet of a duck. Its colour consists of grey, white and black. It lives in Europe and Asia but is very fréquent, especially in fummer upon the fwedish Island Orland, on the coasts of the Baltic, and in Denmark. It is a bird of passage. that migrâtes with the beginning of winter to warmer régions. Its flesh is eatable. Fig. 3. The Small Bittern or Bittour. (Ardea stellaris.) The fmali Bittern is a folitary but beautiful marfh-bird, which lives in the most fequestered reed-banks, and never cornes forth in day-time. In regard to its size it is superiour to the thrufh; its fhape is that of the common Bittern. Its colour is of a tawny caft mixed with black. It lives on small fïfhes, waterfnails and frogs, and is also a bird of passage. Fig. 4. The Rose-coloured Thrush. (Turdus rossus.) This beautiful bird occurs in Europe as well as in Asia, but is by far not so fréquent in Germany as it is in Sweden, Lapland, and Switzerland. It is a bird of passage and cornes especially in July atid August in large flocks into Turkey and Syria, where it sinds a plentiful fubfifreuce from the locufts, whence in those countries it is still considered as a holy bird. It is also called the field-thrufh from its refiding frequently in the fields or on the dunghills where it feeds on insects. It generally grows to the size of a starling. The body is Rose-coloured but its head, throat, wings and tail are of a dark-blue glittering green. Its head is adorned with a beautiful fhining Greft. It is not easily to be tamed. | |
| Ad99998 04 068a/eng | Flowers. Vol. IV. No. 66. FLOWERS OF CHINA. The Hydrangea. (Hydrangea hortensis.) The native country of this exquisite and beautiful flower is China and Japan where it was difeovered as an ornamental plant by some Englishmen who first brought it to England; it was introduced some years ago into our gardens where it still lias the first rank among the flowers of fashion. It Avas first called Hortenfia but is now generally named by Botanists Hydrangea. Its bush commonly attains the height of 12 or 16 inches and is provided with superb dark-green oval leaves cuspi dated on both their ends. Its large flower-bundles which very osten have 6 or g inches in diameter partake very much of the form of a double guelderRose and give it a most beautiful aspect. These bundles which appear in May and June, are at first of a yellow green caft, but soon change into the fineft Rose colour, and become of a pale violet before they entirely fade. They last about two months. Their size, beauty and fplendour charm the eye, but they are deftitute of ail fragrancy. The Hydrangea, tho' not of a very tender nature, only thrives in Germany in hot houfes or at leaft in luch rooms, where no frost can penetrate. | |
| Ad99998 04 069a/eng | Antiquities. XII. Vol. IV. No. 67. MASKS OF THE ANCIENTS. The Masks of the Ancients were chiefly destined for tlieir theatrical representations which were pevformed in day time in the large Amphitheaters that very osten contained twenty th ouf and fpectators. They took their orisein from the feafts of Bacchus in the time of grape gatherirjg, when the revelling vintagers disgaiîeâ themselves, and painting their faces with the lees of red wine, performed ail forts of plays and farces. When the Theater in later times was regulated, the artful masks were invented whose vizors or face-masks represented certain designed features; and (1) the tragick masks for the Tragedy (2) the comical masks for the Comedy and (3) the Bacchuse mask for the satyre and the pastorals were introduced. Tragick masks are represented in Fig. 1. 2. 3. and 8. Comical masks in fig. 7. and 10. and Bacchus's masks in fig. 4. 5 6. and 9. The masks of the Ancients consisted not only of a Vizor or mafk for the face, like those of our times, but of a whole complète head whofe fore and hind parts opened; they were put on like helmets and gave the players the proper features for the character they performed. These masks had generally large open mouths which like a fpeaking trumpet strengthened the aclor's natural voice and made him be understood in every corner of the large structure, that was furniihed ail around with rows of feats or benches for the convenience of the auditors. Something like these characteriftick masks lias been preferved to cur days on the Théâtre of the Italians where the principal characters as for instance : Harlecmin, the Doctor, Tartaglia and Brighello have their proper masks and dreffes in which the actors perform their parts according to their re~ fpective characters. | |
| Ad99998 04 070a/eng | Insects. XXVIII. Vol. IV. No. 68. A BUTTERFLY OF CHINA. The brown Atlas. This enormous butterfly which is a native of China, belongs to the class of the moths and is superiour in magnitude to ail the kncnvn butterflies; for it equals the size of a common bat. China is not alone its native country but it is likewife met with in the hot régions of the Eaft-and Weft-Indies where in gênerai the insects are of a superiour magnitude and beauty to those in our countries. Its colour is a beautiful cinamon brown variegated with yellow, black, white and blue and of a most elegant aspect. It is principally remarkable for a triangulär spot in each of the wings which being edged with a black line consists of a thin glass-like fkin so transparent that any object, like the orange branches in our picture, may be seen as if it were through a window. Its Caterpillar which is about four inches long and as thick as a raan's finger, lives on orangetrees and spins itself into a thick coccon the web of which is ufed by the Chinese as a kind of coarfe filk for different stuffs. | |
| Ad99998 04 071a/eng | Roses. V. Vol. IV. No. 69. DIFFERENT KINDS OF ROSES. Fig. 1. The Basil-Domason Rose. (Rosa damascena basilica.) J-his beautiful flower belongs to the kind of the Domafon Roses as not only its long and oval feed-bud, but also the whole form of it proves. The bufh which is füll of fhort thorns, commonly attains the height of 3 or 4 feet, and its leaves are very fmooth and dark green. The flower is pretty large and remarkable for its colour white, being Hals red and Hals white, in gênerai is so particularly divided in the middle of the flower, that very osten one Hals appears quite white and the other quite red, though commonly the. white leaves be meddled with red. The flower is a truc ornament of our gardons and its fmell extraordinarily pleafant. Fig. 2. The single yellow Rose. (Rosa lutea simplex.) The bufh of the Single yellow Rose is about 4 or 6 feet high. Its wood is of a light brown ç. olour and füll of thorns. It belongs to the species of the Ëglantine Rose on account of its pleafant fmelling leaves, which are narrow, feathered and indented. Its long and flender stalks have plenty of very'pretty lemon coloured flowers, but their fmell is neither strong nor agreeable. This species is not very délicate and hence the more qualified for an ornamental plant in a garden. | |
| Ad99998 04 072a/eng | Birds. LXI. Vol. IV. No. 70. GERMAN BIRDS OF PREY. Fig. 1. The peregrine Falcon. (Falco peregrinus.) This Falcon resides in the rocky mountains of the Northern parts of Europe, Asia and America, but also occurs frequently in Germany, especially in Thuririgia and the Ilercynian foreft. On acconnt of its strength, boldness and docility it is very osten tvained to chai'e hairs, rabbits, and partridges. It (lies to an euorrnous height, and not feldom ahnoft out of huinan fight, continually foarnig in a circle tili it perceives its prey upon which it darts down like an arrow. It chiejly commits the greatest dévastations among the wild fowl of the woods and the field. In October it migrâtes into warmer régions and returns in the month of March whence its naine is derived. Its length, measured from head to ta il, is 22 inches. dark brown variegated vvith black. Its colonr is light and The Kestrel. Fig. 2. The Male. Fig. 3. The Female. (Falco tinnunculus.) The kestrel which is also called the stonegall, the stannel or Windhover, commonly inhabits church-fteenles or otlier fèquestered towers. It is somewhat smaller in size than the peregrine falcon and only 16 inches long. It belongs, especially the maie, to the prêttieft kinds of falcons. Its colour is a kind of blue grey which is variegated with yellow, brown and black, in a m oft elegant mamier; the seinale is of a pale yeîlow colour, mixed with darkbrown and black. It is very fréquent in Germany and preys on pigeons, ail kinds of small birds, field-mice, quails, pr^-tridges and young hairs. This falcon is the terror of the small finging birds and the lark tumbles from the air like doad when it perceives the keftrel. It is rnuch purfued, by the hunters for its being so nuxious to the chafe of small garne. Fig. 4. The Kite. (Falco milvus.) The size of the kite is nearly îhat of the peregrine falcon. Its colour coufifts of yellow, a ferruginous brown and black. Its tail is forked whence its german name is derived. This ravenous bird is very frequeul in Germany and lives commonly about -the villages where it very osten comrnts liavock among the poultry, continually preying on hens, geefe and ducks. It feeds also sometirnes on Carrion. It is of so coward and timorous a nature that fparrovv-hawks and even ravens force it very osten to let go its prey. Fig. 5. The Goshawk. (Falco palumbarius.) The Croshawk is met vvith in Europe and Asia. It is very bold and intrepkl and. preys generally on wild and tarne fowl. It is of an untractable nature and very feldom brought, to any degree of tameness. It builds its nest on lofty trees, and pigeons are its favourite food. When t'. vo Years old it changes its plumage and becomes of a nuthrown colour, whence. Fig. 6. The poultey falcon (Falco gallinarius.) which was thought to be another species, is but. a Goshawk two. years old, RosembÜMg the above mentioned in size and figure, and only differing from it in regard to its feathérs and colour. | |
| Ad99998 04 073a/eng | Birds. LXII. Vol. IV. No. 71. PIGEONS OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES. Fig. 1. The Crimson-Pigeon. (Columba rosea.) J-he beautiful crimfon-pigeon is certainly one of the fineft birds that ever was brought to Europe from the Indies. It is a domeftical fowl which in ils size equals our pigeons. Its plumage is of a fhining crimfon, changing in lèverai places into a beautiful Rose-colour. The crown of the head, the throat, the orbits of the eyes, and the tips of the upper wing-feathers are white; tail and quill-feathers are brown. The Eaft-Indians keep this beautiful pigeon frequently in their poultryyards. Fig. 2. The golden-wing pigeon. (Columba chalcoptera.) This pretty bird which is about the size ef a common wood-culver lives in a favage Itate in New-Holland. The prevailing colour of its feathers is a pale-silvery grey, but the wings are of an extraordinary bright eaft, and feem to be covered with gold yielding a par. ticular luftre of red, yellow andgreen; whence thenam is derived. Fig. 3. The Azure-crown pigeon. (Columba coronata.) The crown-pigeon which inhabits the Molucca-and other Ealt-Indiari islands, is a very giant among thejpigeons, approaching very near the size of a turkey. The colour of its feathers is an azuré grey varied with purpie fhades. Its head is embellished with a crown of the famé colour, which gives the bird a beautiful appearance. It builds its nest 011 trees and \s but feldom brought to any degree oftamenes. In Germany it occurs sometimes in the collections of animals (Ménageries) , It lives like other pigeons on grains especiaily upon ri ce. | |
| Ad99998 04 074a/eng | Insects. XXIX. Vol. IV. No. 72. BUTTERFLIES OF SURINAM. Fig. 1. et 2. The brown Page. The two butterflies of Surinam, which are represented in the annexed picture, are in size and beauty by far superiour to those of Europe. That of N. 1. , generally called the brown Page, is certainly a most beautifully pencilled butterfly; its back (Fig. 1.) is of an elegant ferruginous brown, varied with lighthrownbands; its lovver wings are edged with a yellow border. A large yellow spot in the form of an eye adorns the upperwings and two like spots, edged with white borders decorate the undef ones. Its lower parts (Fig. 2.) exceed the back in beauty, being variegated with white, yellow, red and brown and interlaced with transverse stripes or veins of black. The lower wings are beautifully eyespotted. Fig. 2. et 3. The blue Adonis. The blue Adonis is still handfomer than the preceding species and is certainly one of the fineft butterflies of Surinam. Its upper side (Fig. 3.) is of a fky-blue caft. The extremities of the four wings are black and the upperwings marked by white spots; but the lower paits are so variegated and mottled with a peculiar pcarl-grey, with red, yellow, brown and black that it hardly be poffib le to fee an infect of a more elegant aspect. Both these butterflies are natives of Surinam; they live upon the juice vhkh they, by means of their fpiral fnout fuck of plants and flowers. | |
| Ad99998 04 075a/eng | Fish. XXXV. Vol. IV. No. 73. GERMAN RIVER FISH. Fig. 1. The River-trout. (Salmo Schiffermülleri.) The silver trout is ore of the most remarkable German river-fish. It inhabits not only the large rivers and lakes of Germany and Switzerland, but also occurs in the Baltic, and is consequently not only a river but also a fea-fish. It grows to a large size meafuring three feet in length and vveighing from fix to ten pouhds. Belonging to the class of trouts its flesh is very tender and well tasted. It is a fish of prey and lives upon frogs and small fish. Fig. 2. The blue trout. (Salmo Wartmanni.) The blue trout is found in the lakes of South-Germany especially in that of Confiance where it affords great profit to the fishermen. Its nanie is derived from its colour which becomes of a green-blue caft wheiï the fish attains the seventh year of âge. Belonging to the Class of trouts its flesh is of an excellent tafie. It measures about a foot and a Hals. From May to October an enormous quantity is caught in the lake of Confiance, where it is either eaten frefh or marinated in barrels iike the lampreys and exported into other countxies. Fig. 3. The Umble. (Salmo umbla.) The Umble is allô of the Trout-Kind. It never surpasses the length of [J foot and is reckoned an excellent eating. It principally abounds in the lake of Geneva; The immenfe quantities caught in this lake are for the greatest part exported to France. Its flesh becomes of a reddish colour, whenboiled, like that of the Salmon-trout to which it is nearly allied. Fig. 4. The great Maraena. (Salmo Maraena.) The great Maraena which attains a length of 3 or 4 feet muft also be ranged in the class of the trouts. It is not only common to the lakes of the Northern parts of Germany especially of Pomerania, but also to those of Switzerland and Italy. It only feeds on worms and insects and generally lives at the bottom of the water. The flesh is reckoned extremely good. Fig. 5. The little Maraena. (Salmo Maraenula.) The length of this little delicious fish is only about fix or seven inches, its weight never exceeding two or three ounces. It is met with in différent lakes of Germany especially inPruffia, Poland and Silesia where it is very common, fn Winter it is frequentljr caught under the ice. | |
| Ad99998 04 076a/eng | Roses. VI. Vol. IV. No. 74. ROSES. The ever-blowing Rose. (Rosa semperflorens.) The native country of this fweet kind of Roses is China, from whence it was brought to Englandbat fewyears ago. Being therefore not yet accuftomed to our much rougher climate it cannot support the winter in open air, and onlv thrives in pots, vvhen carefully kept in rooms or hot houfes. The bufh never exceeds the height of two or three feet. Stalks and leaves are very tender, and the branches füll with little red thorns. The threelobed leaves very osten are not pennated. The dark coloured species is almost quite fingle, but the pale or light coloured is a fine double flovver. The flower-leaves of the first fort are crifp and of a dark rubin-colour, but those of the pale kind are fmooth and of a pale pink-colour. Both species are of a différent but very fweet and aromatick fmell. This fine flower continues blowing, winter and fummer, whence its name is derived. It also bears fruit sometimes. | |
| Ad99998 04 077a/eng | Antiquities. XIII. Vol. IV. No. 75. NAUMACHIA OF THE ANCIENTS. Naumachia of the ancient Romans was a great magnificent building in the form ofau Amphithéâtre and very much like a Circus. The large open place encompaffed by the building, was si lied with water at plea^ure, and formed a little lake upon which naval combats orfeafightswere exbibited. The boats ufed in these combats had either one row of Gars, as in (Fig. 2,), or two as, in (Fig. 3.); sometimes they were allô provided with three rows. Criminals condemned to death, sometimes also prifoners of war were the warriors that fought for life and death in these boats, only to amufe the people who were fitting round and to whomthis terrible spectacle was sometimes given by the Emperours. The Naumachia represented in the annexed picture layon theSide of theTyber with an inletfrom that river. One may iudge of the grandeur of these buildings by that which was built in thereign of Augustus. Tt was 1800 feet long and 200 broad, and 30 boats with three rows of oars befides many other little boats had room enough for combat. As the Ancients had no fire-arms, the Cornbatants fought with fpears, pikes, and fwords, and killed one another in a molt cruel m an ner. The victors in these terrible games were not onlv fet at libertv, but also rewarded. 0 J 7 | |
| Ad99998 04 078a/eng | Fish. XXXVI. Vol. IV. No. 76. DIFFERENT KINDS OF SCALE FISH. Several forts'of Scale Fish have already been deferibed in our Picture-Gallery, we are hère made acquainted with some other species. Fig. 1. The Pollack. (Gadus polachius.) The Pollack or Whiting Pollack is found in the Baltic and the German Ocean, principally affociating in great troops on the coasts of England. It is ahout i- | |
| Ad99998 04 079a/eng | Insects. XXX. Vol. IV. No. 77. BUTTERFLIES OF SURINAM. Fig. 1. et 2. The Eurilochus. (Papilio Eurilochus.) No part of the world is so rich in large and fine butterflies than the European Colony of Surinam on theEaftern coaft of fouth-America. The warm and damp Climate feems to forward the increafe of these beautiful insects which amaze us so osten with their size and the beauty of their superb col ours. We fee hère the Eurilochus one of the largest Day-Eutterflies of Surinam represented ou its two sides. It measures in breadth from wing to vving more than seven inebes and about 3* inches in length. The large upperwings are brown lined with an orange border and variesated with yellowishbands and eyes. The underwings are of a fhining blacsc and also edged with an orange border which highly increafes the beauty of the butterfly. Towards the body the underwings are yellow, the yollow colour being difpofed with the utznoft accuracy in an arcuate fegment. The outfide of the wings is marbled with yelîow and brown and particularly adorned with an eye of a dark violet colour which is lined with a yellow border having a white crefeent in its middle. Though the colours of ihis butterfly be not so very brillant, yet their pleafant mixture gives the insects a peculiar charm and heauty. | |
| Ad99998 04 080a/eng | Birds. LXIII. Vol. IV. No. 78. ASIATIC BIRDS. Fig. 1. The Thibet-Peacock. (Pavo tibetanus.) J his Peacock is met with in feveral parts of Asia but especially in Thibet. It is aboutthe size of a Pinado or Guinea-hen except the tail which is much longer. The prevailing colour of its plumage is a silvery grey with white stripes and spots. The upperwings and tail are marked by brown spots in the form of eyes, which towards light change into a bright violet and gold green colour. The upper part of the head is brown, the feet are of a yellow-grey and provided with a double fpur. Fig. 2. The Argus or Luen. (Phasianus Argus.) The Argus is of equal magnitude with our common peacock but the brillant tail of the latter feems to be transplanted on the wings of the Argus. The extraordinary long and large brown wing-feathers are beautifully adorned with eyes of darker colours. Head and neck are of a fhining Azuré blûe. The two middle feathers of the tail, which are much longer than the reft, are mottled with whiteStarlike spots. This beautiful ëyespotted pheafant is properly an inhabitant of China and of so délicate a nature, that it hardïy lives a few months in confinement. Fig. 3. The Pheasant of Indostan. (Phasianus curvirostris.) The Pheafant of Indoftan is extremely scarce and has but lately been introduced into Europe. Lady Impey was the iïrst that brou g ht some alive to England which however soon died. It approaches the size of our common pheafant. Its plumage is very agreeably variegated with azuré, red, green and yellow. The single isolated feathers upon its head give it a peculiar appearance. These feathers consist of long bare quills befet at the top with little tufts of feathers which at the diftance have the appearance of corn-ears. The habits and manner of living of this fowl are as vet but little known. | |
| Ad99998 04 081a/eng | Miscell. Subj. XLIII. Vol. IV. No. 79. AERONAUTICA. Nothing ever occafioned so much admiration, uothing e. er excifed more the délire of imitation than the fîight of bircls. In the carlieft âges, as tradition informs us, attenants were made to rife in the air by the help of art fui wings which they tied on their arms and Je£s, and to four about at pleafure in a less heavy élément; yet ail these attempts i'ailed for want of the fuitable proportion of the wings. The question was to invent a Machine whufe weight joined with the weight of a man would be less than the weight of the atmofpere that fnrrounded them, and which in coniequence of its greater Hghtness would mount in the air. The fïrst fuccessful attempts of this kind were made in France by the Brothers Montgolfier in the Year 1-782 They made a large hollow machine of Taffeta in the form of a globe, and attenuated the air by bUrning paper and straw. By these means the globe really asceuded in the air and the long wished for invention fucceeded wiieu at last expected. Montgoifier ealârged bis globe of taffeta (Fig. 1.) he encompasscd it with a gallery, in whofe middle the l'ire hearth(c) was place 1, and the 2t of November in the year 1783 Pilaire de Rozier made the first expédition in the air. This kind of Air-Balloon, raifed by heated Air, received from its inventor the Name of Montgolfière. The fécond fort which was called the Aeroftate was contrived in the famé Year by Mr. Charles pRoseffor of Natural philofopby atParis. Ile filled aGlobe of Taffeta and of 26 feet in diameter with combuftibfe air which was prepared in little barrels (b) from iron-filings and oil of vitriol and through the large pipe conducted into the Balloon. A kind of a little boat was fastened to the globe with filk cords and the contriver afeende-d with the greatest fuccess in the air. The defeent or getting down is effected by opening a valve through which the heavier air of the atmofphere is admitted by degrees. In the Montgolfière the famé is effected by diminishing the fire. In café of some fatal accident happening to the Balloon, the Aeronaute may fave bimFels by a kind of Umbrello (ßg. 3.) which was invented by Blanchard a famous Aeronaute. It consists of a thick strong stuff extended over some hpops; the Aeronaute fits in a kind of string-bafket fastened with cords to the upper part. The air collecting und er the umbrello hinders its precipitate falling, and produces only a gentle defeent. | |
| Ad99998 04 082a/eng | Miscell. Subj. XLVI. Vol. IV. No. 80. NORTHERN CURIOSITIES. Fig. 1. Fowling in the Orkney and other Northern islands. An the Orkney and other rocky islands of the Arctic Pole nature has but fparingly provicied for the fuhfiftance of the inhabitants. Their principal food consists in fish, fea-fowl and their eggs. Nothing f urpaff es the boldness of fowling in this island. The bir. Imen cîimb under thoufand dangers on long pôles from cliff to cliff, or descend on ropes to enormons depths. They are also amazingly expert and dexterous in piercing into the crevices and précipices and in feizing, especially in the hatching time, the black backed gull, the âiver and the fooUfh Guillemot along with their young-ones, and eggs. If the rocks are too distant from one another, as it is the café in the island Noss represented in the annexed picture (Fig. 1.) they throvv with the utmost dexterity a rope on the oppofite rock and faftening'i a fort of wooden feat to it, they descend by the help of some cords and puileys to which fide they pleafe. Many indeed perish in this dargerons chace but cuftom and neceffity encourage the remaining to defv every danger. Fig. 2. The Geyser and Heckla in Iceland. In the large north on Island of Tcehnd the anima! and vegetable création offer no particular curiufities but the more striking ave the productions of the minerai création. The whole island feenis to be undermined witli fubterranean volcances which breaking out in many places form warm and hot fprings and feas, break through the eternal fnow ami fields of ice and produce every where the most striking phaenomèna; but nothing is more worth of attention than the warm fpring of the Geyser (Fig. 2.) on the southern part of the island, not far from the Volcano which is seen in the back ground. At certain timcs a dull rufhing-like that of a diftant torrent is heard under the bafon of the Geyser which is soon followed by a noife very like the firing of a canon, whereupon a thick and mighty column of hot boiling water fpouts to the height of 100 feet and more fending forth at the lame time pièces of rocks which are thrown round to a great diftance. When the fun fhines on the Geyser the rifing vapours produce a kind of rainbow which highly increacesthe beauty of this majestick spectacle. | |
| Ad99998 04 083a/eng | Birds. LXIV. Vol. IV. No. 81. REMARKABLE BIRDS. e « sc h?a: r*F tf« cfo g * US* De f« tiowe itjié. diurne, nous es ‘e belle variété li le Iure anglaii c8 ‘ de ce Canard ei est couverte d'nne e vert et blanche. ileur jaune I cotes de la tète. rentre blanc,. laie trouvent h ir fingi plumetret sont pin« se de petites » i a apporte cette; elle eu Jî $ ! pu parvenir * Fig. 1. The Chinese Kingsfisher. (Alcedo atricapilla.) -I his beautiful bird is an inhabitant of China and dbout 10 inchcs long. Its back and wings are of a fhiuing violet colour; the breast and forepart of the neck are white; the belly of a dirty yellow caft. Fig. 2. The ground-parrot. (Psittacus terrestris.) This fine bird belongs to the new discoveries which the English have made butlately in New-Holland. It never exceeds the size of a turtle-do ve. The chief colour of its plumage is green, the bacjc and wings being markerl b) feveral transverse 9tripes of black. The ontfide fea'hers of the tail which is clubfhaped and tapering to a point, are of a reddish colour and also croffed by feveral transverse stripes of black; the legs are by far more flender than those of other parrotsî thé discriminating character of this fine bird coufifts in its living on the ground, for it never resides on trees, but, contrary to the euftom of other parrots, it runs, like a quail, continually on the ground, catching insects and Caterpillars on which it generally lives. From this habit its narae is derived. Fig. 3. The crested Chinese duck. (Variety.) (Anas galericulata. Var.) This beautiful duck belongs even in its native countries China and Japan to the rare kinds of birds; it is pretty dear, and generally kept as an ornament in the gardens oi the Chinese Mandarins (a Chinese Nobleman or first Magiftrate). We are hère made acquainted with a beautiful variety of the Chinese duck, represented in one of the most fplendid english éditions. A gênerai defeription of the-kind has been made in N. l6 of this Volume. The plumage of the present species or rather variety is beautifully peneilled; a superb creft of violet, green and white feathers rifes on the top of the head and the sides are adomed with fui vous tufts intermixed with white. The colour of the breast is violet, that of the belly white. Tvvo plumes of feathers anfing between the wings give the bird a peculiar aspect, they are formed by the inward yellow-red back-feathers which stand erect in the form of little fails. Many of the crefted Chinese ducks have been brought to England, but ail the attempts to make them hatch have proved unfuccess fui; probably a consequence of tlieir extraordinary delicacy. | |
| Ad99998 04 084a/eng | Insects. XXXI. Vol. IV. No. 82. REMARKABLE INSECTS. Fig. 1. 2. et 3. The large Emperor-Moth. (Phalaena Bombyx Pavonia major.) The large Emperor-moth (Fig. 3.) of wliich the little one feems to be a variety, is the largel't moth of Germany meafuring with expanded wings about fix inches in breadth. The upper and lo-wer wings have large marks in the form of an eye, which aie of a cinnamon colour and black, adorned with a blue stripe through the raiddle. From these marks which were compared to the eyespotted feathers of the peacock, the name of the moth is derived. The wings are also diverfified with a variety of colours and embellished wit and arched borders. with différent zigzag ferowls The maie differs from the female in the colour which in the former is of a darker caft. The caterpillar (Fig. 1.) of the large Emperor moth is found in June and July. on cherry-and plum-trees, on willows, floeand horn-beam trees, on birchtrees and oaks. It is of a fweet liahtgreen colour and about four inches long. The body is annulated, and füll of femicircular azuré élévations by which the caterpillar feems to be adorned with stars. At the enà of July it is in its füll growth and furrounds itself with a double web, the outfide of which is a membranaceous cover enclofing a fine filky texture. Being entirely furrounded it changes into a thick brovvn chryfalls (Fig. 2.) which remains -under ground tili next fpring, wheu the beautiful moth issues. | |
| Ad99998 04 085a/eng | Quadrupeds. LXV. Vol. IV. No. 83. THREE KINDS OF MONKEYS. Fig. 1. The Moluck. (Simia Moloch.) The shagginess of the grey hair with which the whole body is covered; the long arms reaching down to the feet; and the bald lighthrown face give this ape a very particular aind itrange appearance. It generally inhabits the Molucca island's and Sumatra and is about three feet high. Affociating in great troops it lives in the forefts chiefly upon bark leaves and fruit. It is of a very gentle and quiet nature and very eafily to be familiarized. Fig. 2. The Entellus of Bengal. (Simia Entellus.) The Entellus is a new Icind of apes which the french naturalist Dufresne has made us acquainted with' some Years ago. Ile received one stuffed, from Bengal its Native country; it grows to aheightof3 | |
| Ad99998 04 086a/eng | Fish. XXXVII. Vol. IV. No. 84. WHALES AND DOLPHINS. Fig. 1. The round lipped Whale. (Balaena Musculus.) XJefides the common Whale there are différent other kinds of Whales. We foc hère one reprefejated that is bj far Leffer in size : the common one. The round lipped or roun/1 nofed Whalé never exceeds the leugth o! 31 feet. The colotir of ils back is black, the louer parts are white. It is remarkablc on account of its enormous mouth in which, vyhen open, two or three men rnay stand ight. It is generally found in the Atlantic Océan and taken in the open lea; It is so füll of bluhber that very osten one of them aiïords about 50 barrels of train-oil. In stormy weather it is some times driven on the Coasts of Norway and then eafily caught in the bays. Its principal food conflits in berrings which it pursues on their migrations. Fig. 2. The Nesarnak. (Delphinus Nesarnak.) The Nefarnak belongs to the trihe of the Dolphins. Tt inhabits the northern parts of the Atlantic Océan; but sclrîom approaching the coaft, it is not frequently caught. It is ab oui ton feet long. Its chief colour is of a blackiih-grey variegated with fevéral transverse bands of a darker Colou It is a fish of prey and its jaws are richly befet with cylindrical teeth. Its flesh and bluhber, tho" not verv well taßed, affords the poor inhabitants of the north a very dainty food. Fig. 3. The bidental Dolphin. (Delphinus Diodon.) This Dolphin is also an inhabitant of the Atlantic Océan where it lives upon small fish. fis 1 engt h is about 40 feet; its colour dark brown incliniug to black, lighter or paler tov/ards the belly. The under-jaw of its beaklike mouth is provided with two large prominent tusks. In the year 1733 one of a very large size was caught in the river Thames in the vicinity of* London. | |
| Ad99998 04 087a/eng | Plants. LXXXIX. Vol. IV. No. 85. DIFFERENT KINDS OF FUCUS. Fucus which is also sometimes called fea-wrack, stands on the loweft degree of the vegetable création. It belongs to the family of flags, and coutains a great quantity of species which differ from one another in size and fhape. There are simple, ramous, and bufhy species; some are but 4 inch-es high, others attain the height of 20 feet. Some are cartilaginous, others coriaceous and tough; others are of a mucilaginous or membranaceous kind. The Fucus are generally met with on the various fea-coasts, but occur also in fresh waters, especially in the mouths of rivers. The coaft-inhabitants dry the Fucus and ufe it as dung. Some species also serve for food to fheep and cattle. Fig. 1. The winged Fucus. (Fucus alatus.) The winged fucus is a very neat plant of a darlc red colour which abounds in the Mediterranean fea as well as in the Baltic, and the German océan. It never exceeds the height of | |
| Ad99998 04 088a/eng | Birds. LXV. Vol. IV. No. 86. FOREIGN BIRDS. Fig. 1. The Condur. (Vultur Gryphus.) J he Condur was long considered as a fabulous bîrdj and faid to be a monfter poffeffed of fach a degree of strength as to carry off an Eléphant; yet nothing pufitive could be afferted of this remarkable bird, tili some of our later travellers made us more acquainted with its natural hiftory. The Condur is met with in Peru, Chili »nd other provinces of South America. It chier!) chofes its lefidence on lofty hills, yet "vifits sometimes the lower régions. It measures vvhen füll grovvn, from wing to wing 15 or 16 feet. The head is like that of other vultures deftitute of feathers. Its plumage is black' with a fhining tinge of blue; It is provided with very large claws, and bold and strong enough to caft clown stags and other like animals. In want of other food it lives upon fish and other maritime animals which it goes in quest of on the fea coasts. The Peruvians are very much afraid of the Condur, as it also sometimes preys upon Childern of 5 and 6 years old. Our picture is a copy of one that's to be seen at the Royal Ctibinet in London. Fig. 2. The Guinea-Vulture. (Vultur Angolensis.) The Guinea-Vultur may on account of its feathered neck and its white plumage he affociated with the rare and pretty kinds of vultures. Its length, measured from the beack to the point of the tail, is abont three feet. Its eyes are adorned with bald rings of a bright red colour. On the wings and back the white plumage varies with brown feathers. It is much livelier than other vultures. Fig. 3. The Hubara or the Collar-Bustard. (Otis Hubara.) The Hubara is a small kind of buftard which lives in the fands of Arabia on herb s and insects. Its colour is white; variegated by différent brown and black stripes and bands, which run across the wings and the tail. The white and black tuft of feathers round the neck exhibit a particular appearance. | |
| Ad99998 04 089a/eng | Quadrupeds. LXVI. Vol. IV. No. 87. FIVE DIFFERENT KINDS OF MONKEYS Fig. 1. The Ascagne. (Simia Ascanius.) J fae Ascagne is a very gentle, fîattering and lively monkey. It is an inhabilant. of Guinea and without its tail a]>out 13 inchés long. It is remarkable for the blue naked fpaces about thc eyes which giveit aparlicular countenance. Each ear is adorned with a tuft of white hair in the form of a Rose. out 13 inchés long. It is remarkable for the blue naked fpaces about thc eyes which giveit aparlicular countenance. Each ear is adorned with a tuft of white hair in the form of a Rose. Fig. 2. The Atys. (Simia Atys.) This little rnonkey lives in the Eaft Indies. It is about 18 inches long and of a whitish oolour. Its fingers and toes as vvell as its face and ears are deftitute of hair, which gives the animal a very tender and délicate appearance. Fig. 3. The Yarqué. (Simia leucocephala.) The Yarqué or white headed Sagouin is no more than 13 inches long. It is covered ail over vvith a coat of long blackhair, except the head which lias very fhort hair of a yellowish côtou'r. Iss tail is very long and furnished with bushy hair like that of a fox. The y «que lives folitary or ass'embling in little herds in the forefts of South America. It is of a very timid and lazy dispofition and hence continu ally*purfued by other monkeys which not feidom fnatch away its food. It generali) " lives upon fruit but is very fond of bées and destroys the beehives vvher ever it ïinàs any. Fig. 4. The brown Tamarin. (Simia Midas.) The brown Tamarin inhabits Guiana where affembling in large troops it fréquents only the lofty woods. This ncat little animal is about the size of our fquirrel and of a very fprightly dispofition. It is eafily brought to a great degree of familiarity but is of so délicate a nature that it feidom iupports the eliniate of Europe. There are many varie ties of this species, as for instance Fig. 5-The black Tamarin which differs from the above mentioned only in the uudulated, brown and black pencilled fpaces on the fidos of its body and the black colonr of its hair. | |
| Ad99998 04 090a/eng | Amphibies. XVI. Vol. IV. No. 88. SEVERAL KINDS OF SEALS. Fig. 1. The great Seal. (Phoca barbata.) -i. he feals as \ve know, constitute a numerous trib'e of various species. We bave iecn the common féal or Sea-calf; hère we are made ac [uainted with the great féal which \s also called the Strap-. Jeal for its fkin being eut into straps and ufed hy the Greenlanders in fifbing. The great féal measures about 12 feet. in length; it lias fhort fmooth hair of a blueish gi'ey on the back, and whitish on the lower parts. Its flat fnout is strongly bearded with white transparent briitles. It lives on thecoasts of Greenland and the northern parts of Scotlànd where it is caught in great quantity, as the inhabitants generally make ufe of its flesh, as well as of its blubber and inteftines. Fig. 2. The yellowish Seal. (Phoca flavescens.) is the smalleft of the known species. It lives on the famé coasts with the great féal. Its whole structure resembles that of the common féal or. fea-calf except the hair round the fnout, of which it is alrnoft entirely deftitute. Fig. 3. The rough Seal. (Phoca hispida.) This species, which in Groenland is called Nâit'Soak, lives on the coasts of Green land and Labrador, where it is generally caught with harpoons and arrows. It is very ferviceable to these coaft-inhabitants; its inteftines, flesh, and blubber constitute their food, and the train-oil fupplies their lamps. It is frora 6 to 8 feet long, and has the hair intermixed with a kind of very fmooth wool. Fig. 4. The little Seal. (Phoca pusilla.) The little Seal is met with in the Mediterranean fea. It generally inhabits the weltern coasts of America near the island of Juan Fernandez. , It never exceeds the length of tvvo feet, and is covered with long biack hair of remarkable smoothness. | |
| Ad99998 04 091a/eng | Worms. VI. Vol. IV. No. 89. INTESTINE WORMS. Fig. 1. The Tape-Worm. (Taenia solium.) V V e fee hère represented an inhabitant of the human body which very osten causes long and painful difeafes. It is the Tape-worm or the jointed worm (fig* î.) vvhicli iives in the inteftines of men. It is feldom or vvith great difficulty driven out of its residence, as medi. cmes generally only fever the weakly jointed members without faurting the head which remains undisturbed in the body. This worm has like its cougeners the form of a ri band, The little head in the form of a button, is placed on the small end, and from that end the oblong members of the body begin to grow broader. Every one of these junctures has a foid by which it is joined to the next. From the head runs a canal through the body and continues down to the round end of the tail, provided with many small lateral canals bv which the circulation of the humours is * performed. Fig. a. represents the enlarged head in front. In its middle relis the. fpiral fûout, whi-;h, when obferved from the fide (&), fornis a conic élévation or protubérance furrounded with two indented rings. Round the fnout four small élévations are situated, provided in the middle with infundibuliform concavities by which the chyle is conducted in the small lateral canals. The Tape-worm is on account of the form of its body sometimes also called the Gourd-worm. Fig. 2. The Polycephalus. (Polycephalus hominis.) The true arrangement of the Polyce phalus is in the clals of the lîydatides; Il occurs, though very feldom, in the brains of men. The bladders are of a yellowish colour and of a fmooth but thick and coriaceous fubftance. There are some of the size of a wall-nut, others sometimes as big as a fift. These bladders (Fig. 2.) generally contain 5, 10, 20 and even fifty of these worm;, They bore vvith their fmooth piviforra body so far into the bladder that notlîing but the indented crown or ring is to be feen. In Fig. d. we fee two fuç. h worms which however only with their forepart stick to the bladder. Fig. e. dispîays the piriform figure along with the indented crown of a Polycephalus when taken from the bladder. | |
| Ad99998 04 092a/eng | Plants. XC. Vol. IV. No. 90. DIFFERENT KINDS OF FUCUS. Fig. 1. The Thread-Fucus. (Fucus Filum.) -*~ he name o£ the thread Fucus or Jea-Iacrs is clerived from tlio figure and form of its branches, which grow twifted into one another and feem to proceed from one stalsc. * These branches form the leaves of the plant. They are of a homy fubflctnce, and, without being transparent, of a very fragile nature. This Fucus attains a height of 7 feet and is generally found in the wa. ters of China. Fig. 2. The Sea-girdle. (Fucus digitatus.) We fee hère quite the contrary of the former fpccies which fecmed to be formed of a tender twift of threads. The fea-girdle consists of large tliîcsc leaves and strong stalks, being of a cartilaghiöus kind in ail its parts. It belotigs to the largest forts of Fucus; for the roundish Italie, upon the end of which the leaves do grow, is from 6 to 7 feet high, and lias commonly an inch in rliameter. It is hollow, of a dirty green colour, and proceeding from a knobby root, which never lays under ground, but by the means of its fibres sticks clofe to other objects, At first a single leaf in the form of a finger fprouts from the stalk, which, multiplying very faft, soon encreafes to a befom-like bufh. This Fucus is frequently found in Holland, England, Norway and Iceland, where it either grows on the coasts or is found thrown afhore by the fea. The leaves when dried are reckoned to be a good nourriture for fheep and goats. 1* | |
| Ad99998 04 093a/eng | Quadrupeds. LXVII. Vol. IV No. 91. DIFFERENT SPECIES OF MACAUCOS. Fig. 1. The Dwarf Macauco. (Lemur pusillus.) X his pretty little animal is a native of Madagascar where it inhabits the palmtrees îivin^ on fruit. Its length is from the tip of the nofe to the beginning of the tail only "5 inches. It has the upper part of the body covered with grey-brovvn hair, the underparts are white. It eats with its forefeet holding up its tail. It has a loud piercing voice. It is of a ferocious difpofition and almost untameable. Fig. 2. The Tarsier Macauco. (Lemur macrotarsus.) The Tarsier fèems in its manners much more allied to the oppoffum than to the Lemur. The hère represented speciey is also called Daubenton in honour of the famous french naturalist of that name, It is a native' of Amboina and without its tail 6 inches long. It has very fine woolly hair of a red brown colour, naked ears and a pointed elongated fnout. Its fore and hind feet are provided with fingers and ufed as fuch by the animal. Fig. 3. The Galago. (Galago Senegalensis.) The Galago, so called by the inhabïtants of Senegal its, native, country, is a peaceful and quiet animal which lives on fruit and insects, and produces its youngones in hollow trees. Its eyes are furrounded by a cercle of dark brown colour. The ears are naked, the nails flat, except the interior toe of the hind feet next the thumb, which has a fharp claw. Fig. 4. The Tarsier Fisher. (Lemur s. Tarsius Fischeri.) This Tarsier is named after the famous Russian naturalist Fischer. In its size it is equal to the; Galago. Its uncommonly large ears, the long toes, ail armed with fharp claws, give to this animal a hideous aspect. Madagascar is its native country. | |
| Ad99998 04 094a/eng | Fish. XXXVIII. Vol. IV. No. 92. TWO SORTS OF REMARKABLE WHALES. Fig. 1. The Cylindric Pot-Whale. (Physalus cylindricus.) J. bis Whale which is of an enormous size, is an inhabitant of the frozen fea anrî differs in its external form from ail other whales. The anterior part of the animal lias a perfect cylindrical form vvhence its nanie is derived. The vvide mouth lies very low. The under javvs arethin, flat, and narrower than the npper, so that the mouth, when clofed, is hardly perceived; but when open, it is of fuch a prodigious amplitude that an Ox might fiand upright in it. Its tongue is fhort and only moveable from fide to fide. It preys on lèverai kinds of large fish, the bones of which are frequently found in its stumach. The tail is very fhort, which pi. obabiy is the càufe of its flowness in fwitnming. Its fkin and fief h are very hard, vvhence it is very difficult to itricke and wound this whale with the harpoon. Fig. 2. The Physeter Trumpo. (Catodon Trumpo.) The Trumpo is also a species of whale of a very particular form. It is generally met with on the coasts, of New England and the Bermudas or Summer islands, but occurs also on the coasts of Greenland. The head constitutes about the Hals of the whole animal, being from 30 to 35 feet long. The upper-jaw is rauch wider than the under one. The fpout or blow-hole is placed on the anterior part of the head. Its strong teeth are situated in a regulär feries in the under javv, and, when the mouth is fhut, they fit into proper holes or cavities, which t in the upper jaw are adapted for their réception. The Trumpo is very fat, and the train-oil boiled ont of its blubber is much clearer and less acrid than that of the corn-, mon whale. The Trumpo fwims with more celerity and vigour than the former species. | |
| Ad99998 04 095a/eng | Amphibies. XVII. Vol. IV. No. 93. SEALS AND WALRUSSES. Fig. 1. The round tailed Manati. (Trichecus australis.) J-his Wallrus inhabits the ri vers of Africa especially the mouth of the river Senegal. Tt grows to the length of 14 or 15 feet. The head is Munt and rounded, and above the eyes which are not bigger than those of a hog, are tvvo orifices in the place of ears. The feet are uncouth and provided with flat and rounded nails. The tail is broad but quite rounded on the edges, whence the name is derived. The fiefh of this Wallrus is faid to tafte like veaJ. It is, however, chiefly "scil- led by the Negroes for the fake of the blubber or fat. Fig. 2. The pied Seal. (Phoca variegata.) The pied féal has the fnout taper and lengthened; the forefeet are furnished with long clavvs; the hind feet are very broad and provided with 5 very diftinct toes. The upper part of the body is blackish with a white, beily. This kind of féal generally fréquents the coasts of the Adriatic fea. It is very ferocious when first taken, but very soon familiarifed. Fig. 3. The Neck-lace Seal. (Var.) is but a variety of the former species, from which it differs in having a white ribbon-like band round the neck; its chief colour is black. Fig. 4. The harp Seal. (Phoca Groenlandica.) This féal is a native of the feas of Greeniand, Newfoundland and Iceland and paffes even as low as Kamtschatka. It grows to the length of 8 or 9 feet. On account of the thick fkin and the great produce of oil it is much valued by the feal-hunters. The little head which is of a black colour intcrmixed with white, terminâtes in a somewhat pointed fnout. The body is of a filver-grey colour, and variously patched or spotted with black. | |
| Ad99998 04 096a/eng | Amphibies. XVIII. Vol. IV. No. 94. BEAUTIFUL SNAKES. Flg. 1. The Argus-Snake. (Coluber Argus.) J-his highly elegant species is a native of Africa; It grows only to a moderate size, but has stréBjgth and boldness enough to attack larger animals, and to cnish them to deat;h by tw-ifting around their bodies. The upper* furface of this Inake is of a dufky chefnutcolour and beautifully marked by numerous ocellated white and red spots. It is faid to build a nest of clay where it lives in fociety with others of its kind. 1 Fig. 2. The Crimson-Snake. (Coluber coccineus.) The Crimjon-Snake winch is an inhabitant of Mexico and Florida;-bears a still more elegant aspect than the former. It measures 2 feet in length and ab ont i | |
| Ad99998 04 097a/eng | Rose. VII. Vol. IV. No. 95. DIFFERENT KINDS OF ROSES. Fig. 1. The Punice-rose. (Rosa punicea.) J-he Punice-Rose gives a greatembellishment to our gardens; for its brillant red enlivens the place where it is planted. The bufli grows to the height of 6 or 8 feet; the leaves are of a dark green colour and for the greatest partiïvelobed. The foliage is odoriferous, the wood brown with yellow spotted thorns. The flower is simple, pretty large, and consists in 5 leaves which having the form of hearts are on their infide of a brillant red, while their outfide is of a fulphur colour. Ils fmcll is difagreeable and very much like that of a punice, whence the name is derived. Fig. 2. The white Virgin-Rose. (Rosa truncata virginalis.) This beautiful flower belongs to the genus of white Roses, of which it is a diftingnished variety. The bufh is weak and hardly 4. feet high, the wood green, the leaves five lobed with few thorns. The buds have the form of a bail eut Hals through its middle. The Rose when unfoldcd, is large very füll, and of a brillant white. The discriminating character of this Rose is its whole structure inclining backwards, and a Rose coloured spot in its middle or rather towards one of the sides, which lofes itself by degrees in, the white colour giving the flower a most délicate aspect. | |
| Ad99998 04 098a/eng | Quadrupeds. LXVIII. Vol. IV. No. 96. REMARKABLE QUADRUPEDS. Fig. 1. The Suckling Femal Elephant. n the first Volume of our Picture-Gallery we have been made acnuainted with the natural hiftory of the Eléphant, which is undoubtedly the largest of all terreftrial animals; We now fee in the annexed picture the female Eléphant fuckling its young. Tt was fabulously afierted, that Eléphants, when confined, never multiply their species; but récent obfervations have refuted this falle affertion. John Corfe an Englishman who for Tome years had the direction of the chace of Eléphants at Tiperah in the East-Indies, was eye-witness of différent copulations of Eléphants. The y careffed one another before many fpectators and uttered fomctimes very'loud and piérding cries. The time of their pregnancy is uncertain. The Eléphant produces only one young at the time, which it fuckles by the tvvo teats situated at a small diftance behind the forefeet. The young never fucks by the trunk, as it was generally believed, but by the mouth, laying its trunk backwards. During the rutin g time even the tameft Eléphants are wild and almost untractable, so far as to forget the attachment they generally bear to theirCorneck or leader; and two of these cornecks have of late been dangerously wounded by a male Eléphant in the park of Paris. Fig. 2. The Sukotyro. This particular animal is hitherto very imperfectly known. NiewJcof a dutch traveller was the first vvho introduced and described it. According to his account the Sukotyro is an inhabitant of the isle of Java. Its size is that of a füll grovvn ox; the fnout ‘ is like that of a hog. Between the upright placed eyes and the long pendant ears stand the two horns which resemble very much the tufks of an éléphant. This animal feeds upon herbage and is but feldom taken. Sukotyro is it called by the Chinese. | |
| Ad99998 04 099a/eng | Fish. XXXIX. Vol. IV. No. 97. DOLPHINS. Fig. 1. The bellied Dolphin. (Delphinus ventricosus.) The name of this Dolphin is derived from its thick belly. It is commonly from 12 to 15 feet long, and, like other Dolpbins, found almost in all European Sens. Its colour is blakish above and whitish beneath. It fwims very fwiftly, and preys on varions kinds of filh. Fig. 2. The Beluga or white Dolphin. (Delphinus Leucas.) This inhabitant of the Northern feas is, when full grown, of an elegant milk white colour. In its si rit youth its colour is of a light grey caft. It measures from 15 to 18 feet in length. It is a gregarious species, and osten preys in large f ho als lipon herrings and other small fish, forming a beautifu] spectacle from the particular colour. They also sometimes folluw the fisherboats as far as the mouths of river». The head is in proportion rather small than large and somewhat acuminated. The mouth is furnished with a few small teeth. Fig. 3. The toothless Dolphin. (Delphinus edentulus.) The toothless Dolphin exceeds the two former species in length. The pointed beaklike mouth gives the animal an uncommon aspect. Its fmooth fkin is blackish, marked by lèverai white spots. It inhabits different seas; its manners are those of other Dolphins. | |
| Ad99998 04 100a/eng | Amphibies. XIX. Vol. IV. No. 98. LIZARDS. Fig. 1. The Cordyle Lizard. (Lacerta Cordylus.) JL he Cordyle Lizard is met with in lèverai parts of Asia and Africa, where it grows to a length of 9 or 10 inches. The body is covered by hard blueish scales. The tail is verticillated by pointed carinated scales provided with thorns at their extrernities. The toes are armed with long nails, Fig. 2. The azure Lizard. (Lacerta azurea.) The azuré Lizard is nearly allied to the Cordyle. It differs, however, in having the scales of the body smaller, and the tail which is much longer covered by much larger scales. On the upper part of the body bei. vveen the fhoulders it is marked by tvvo black arched ffripes or fafriae, Brafil is the native country of this species. Fig. 3. The orbicular Lizard. (Lacerta orbicularis.) Thii fpecrei feems to connect the Toad and Lizard tribes. having the large uncouth body of a toad. It is an inhabitant of the mountainous parts of Mexico and New-Spain, and entirely innoxious. Fig. 4. The red-Throat Lizard. (Lacerta bullaris.) This neat little animal is common in Jamaica. It is ufually fix inches long and of a grass-green colour, frequenting hedges and bufhes. Oh its throat it has a kind of a bladder of a bright red colour which it fvvells into a globular form when approached or irritated. Fig. 5. The Strumous Lizard. (Lacerta strumosa.) The Strumous Lizard is found in lèverai parts of Sonth-America. It is very tame and running about the houfe». These Lizards. sometimes fight togrther with the greaieTt animofity fwllhig at lhat tirne their red pouch or bog which thoy have on their throats. The tail is green with various gre> and black transverse bands. | |
| Ad99998 04 101a/eng | Amphibies. XX. Vol. IV. No. 99. SLOW-WORMS. X he Slow-Worm is on account of the fmàll eyes which in iome of the animals are hardly perceived, also called Blind-Worm. They constitute a proper genus among the fnakes, which is called the Jcale-jnakes being deftitute f the scuta or scaly plates and having the ivhole body covered with small scales. The Slow-worm moves backwards as well as forwards which gave rife to the fable of their having two heads. Fig. 1. The common Slow-worm. (Anguis fragilis.) The common Slow-worm arrives at the length af 2 or 3 feet and is found in almost all parts of the ancient world living un der ground. The fkin is covered with scales of a rufous brown caft mixed with a kind of steel colour. The mouth is very large and opens behind the eyes. It is füll of small teeth, which are not able to woundaman's finger and being also deftitute of the venomous fangs, the flow-worm is quite innoxious. It lives on insects, grubs and chafers. When purfued or irritated the animal has a way of stiffening itself, in which state, if struck, a small blow of a stick is fufficient to feparate the body in twoor three-pièces, whence this species is also sometimes called the Glajs-flow-worm. In winter the flow-worm retires under ground where it lies in a state oi torpidity tili the approach of fpring. It is ovo-viviparous and sometimes produces 10 or 12 young at the time which first are hatched in the womb. In the hot fummer-months it cafts its fkin. Fig. 2. The short-bellied Slow-Worm. (Anguis ventralis.) The name of this flow-worm is derived from its disproportionate long tail and the extremely fhort belly. It is a native of Carolina and Virginia and of a green and yellow colour. It is as innoxious as the former. Fig. 3. The flat tailed Slow-Worm. (Anguis platura.) The length of this Slow-worm is from 2 to 4 inches. Its colour is black above and of a clirty green caft beneath, the flat tail terminating in an obtufe way. Fig. 4. The variegated Slow-Worm. (Anguis variegata.) The colour of this Slow-worm which is found in New-HoHand, is brown, variegated with yellow; its length 2 or 3 feet. | |
| Ad99998 04 102a/eng | Roses. VIII. Vol. IV. No. 100. TWO KINDS OF ROSES. Fig. 1. The flesh-coloured Centifolia. (Rosa regina rubicans.) JLhe flesh-coloured Centifolia is one of thé fineft species among the white rôles. For its cîofed globular form it is also called the pearlroje. It is of a moderate size and of a fweet pale flef'h-colour. Its fmell is agreeable. The feeble bufh never exceeds the heislit of three feet; the wood is green, and but little thorny, the foliage five-lobed. The leaves are almost round, on the Upper fide dark green, on the under one of a light green caft. It is never hurt by the cold and propagates by flips. Fig. 2. The large Moss-Rose. (Rosa muscosa major.) The native country of this handfome Pvofe is probably Perfia. The young fhoots and buds feem to be covered with a kind of reddish-green moss, which arifes from their being covered ail over with extraordinary long filaments. It very feldom grows to a bufh but the single stalks attain very osten the height of 6 feet. The flower is of a moderate size, füll, of a pale colour and agreeable fmell. Being of a very tenrler nature it faon withers and thrives beft in hot houfes. | |
| Ad99998 05 003a/eng | Quadrupeds LXIX. Vol. V. No. 1. SUCKLING QUADRUPEDS. Fig. 1. The African Rhinoceros. (Rhinoceros Africanus.) Fig. 2. The Sumatra-Rhinoceros. (Rhinoceros bicornis Sumatricus.) | |
| Ad99998 05 004a/eng | Birds LXVI. Vol. V. No. 2. GERMAN WARBLERS. Fig. 1. The Silktail. (Ampelis garrulus.) Fig. 2. The Starling. (Sturnus vulgaris.) The Bullfinch. (Loxia pyrrhula.) Fig. 3. The Male. Fig. 4. The Female. Fig. 5. The Grosbeak. (Loxia coccothraustes.) Fig. 6. The Redstart. (Motacilla phoenicurus.) | |
| Ad99998 05 005a/eng | Fish XL. Vol. V. No. 3. REMARKABLE FISHES. Fig. 1. The Gemmeous Dragonet. (Callionymus Lyra.) Fig. 2. The Sordid Dragouet. (Callionymus Dracunculus.) Fig. 3. The rostrated Ophidium. (Ophidium aculcatum.) Fig. 4. The aculeated Odontognathus. (Odontognathus mucronatus.) | |
| Ad99998 05 006a/eng | Miscellanies XLVII. Vol. V. No. 4. ANTIQUITIES OF EGYPT. Fig. 1. The Statues of Memnon. Fig. 2. The Egyptian Sphinx. | |
| Ad99998 05 007a/eng | Roses IX. Vol. V. No. 5. ROSES. The Twinrose. (Rosa gemella.) | |
| Ad99998 05 008a/eng | Quadrupeds LXX. Vol. V. No. 6. LORICATED AND ACULEATED ANIMALS. Fig. 1. The Short-tailed Manis. (Manis pentadactyla.) Fig. 2. The eightbanded Armadillo. (Dasypus octocinctus L.) Fig. 3. The eighteenbanded Armadillo. (Dasypus octodecim cinctus.) Fig. 4. The Malacca-Hedge-hog. (Erinaceus Malaccensis.) Fig. 5. The bundled Porcupine. (Hystrix fasciculata.) | |
| Ad99998 05 009a/eng | Birds LXVII. Vol V. No. 7. BEAUTIFUL FOREIGN BIRDS. Fig. 1. The Royal Cuckow. (Cuculus regius.) Fig. 2. The Pompadour-Chatterer. (Ampelis Pompadora.) Fig. 3. The purple beasted Chatterer. (Ampelis Cotinga.) Fig. 4. The Parrot-Bill. (Locia Carlsonii rubra.) Fig. 5. The Iceland-Grosbeak. (Loxia Islandica.) Fig. 6. The Dominican Grosbeak. (Loxia Dominicana.) | |
| Ad99998 05 010a/eng | Plants XCL. Vol. V. No. 8. AROMATICK PLANTS. Fig. 1. The Cassia-Tree. (Laurus Cassia.) Fig. 2. The Galangal. (Alpinia Galanga.) | |
| Ad99998 05 011a/eng | Amphibies XXI. Vol. V. No. 9. DIFFERENT KINDS OF SLOW-WORMS. Fig. 1. The black-banded Slow-Worm. (Anguis ater.) Fig. 2. The Azure Slow-Worm. (Anguis caerulea.) Fig. 3. The variegatet Amphisboena. (Amphisbaena fuliginosa.) Fig. 4. The white Amphisboena. (Amphisbaena alba.) | |
| Ad99998 05 012a/eng | Miscellanies XLVIII. Vol. V. NO. 10. BULL-FEASTS IN SPAIN. | |
| Ad99998 05 013a/eng | Quadrupeds LXXI. Vol. V. No. 11. The OPOSSUM. Fig. 1. The Virginian Opossum. (Didelphis virginiana.) Fig. 2. The grey Opossum. (Didelphis Lemurina.) Fig. 3. The Viverrine Opossum. (Didelphis viverrina.) Fig. 4. The long tailed Opossum (Didelphis macroura.) Fig. 5. The Kanguroo Rat. (Kangurus minor.) | |
| Ad99998 05 014a/eng | Miscellanies XLIX. Vol. V. No. 12. EGYPTIAN DRESS. Fig. 1. A Bey with his attendant. Fig. 2. A Lady of Cairo with her attendant. Fig. 3. The Mamalukes. Fig. 4. The Fellahs. Fig. 5. A Family of Beduins. | |
| Ad99998 05 015a/eng | Miscellanies L. Vol. V. No. 13. CURIOSITIES OF EGYPT. Fig. 1. The Summit of the great Pyramid of Ghizé and the adjacent country. Fig. 2. The inner passage from one floor to the other. | |
| Ad99998 05 016a/eng | Plants. XCII. Vol. V. No. 14. REMARKABLE SPUNGES. Fig. 1. The Touchwoodor Tinder Boletus. (Boletus igniarius.) Fig. 2. The Larch-tree Boletus. (Boletus Laricis.) | |
| Ad99998 05 017a/eng | Roses X. Vol. V. No. 15. TWO SPECIES OF ROSES. Fig. 1. The red Millefolia Rose. (Rosa millefolia rubra.) Fig. 2. The pendent Rose. (Rosa pendulina inermis.) | |
| Ad99998 05 018a/eng | Quadrupeds LXXII. Vol. V. No. 16. WILD BEASTS. Fig. 1. The black Tiger. (Felis discolor.) Fig. 2. The spotted Hyena. (Canis crocuta.) Fig. 3. The Jackal of the Cape. (Canis mesomelas.) Fig. 4. The Cat of the Cape. (Felis capenfis.) Fig. 5. The Maragua. (Felis tigrina.) | |
| Ad99998 05 019a/eng | Amphibies XXIII. Vol. V. No. 17. DIFFERENT SPECIES OF LIZARDS. Fig. 1. The common Gekko. (Lacerta Gekko.) Fig. 2. The flat-toiled Gekko. (Lacerta platurus.) Fig. 3. The Seps. (Lacerta Seps.) Fig. 4. The Chalcide. (Lacerta Chalcides.) Fig. 5-8. The WaterSalamander. The Male and Female. (Lacerta Salamandra.) | |
| Ad99998 05 020a/eng | Plants. XCIII. Vol. V. NO. 18. GERMAN POISONOUS PLANTS. Fig. 1. The common Arum or Wakerobin. (Arum maculatum.) Fig. 2. The common Meadow-Saffron. (Colchium autumnale.) | |
| Ad99998 05 021a/eng | Miscellanies LI. Vol. V. No. 19. REMARKABLE FOSSILS AND PETRIFICATIONS. | |
| Ad99998 05 022a/eng | Insects XXXII. Vol. V. No. 20. NOXIOUS BUTTERFLIES. Fig. 1. The white Tree-Papilio. (Papilio Heliconius crataegi.) Fig. 2. The great Cole-Moth. (Papilio Danaus brassicae.) Fig. 3. The Little Cole-Moth. (Papilio Danaus rapae.) | |
| Ad99998 05 023a/eng | Quadrupeds LXXII. Vol. V. No. 21. REMARKABLE QUADRUPEDS. Fig. 1. The Cape Ant-Eater. (Myrmecophaga capensis.) Fig. 2. The aculeated or spiny Ant-Eater. (Myrmecophaga aculeata.) Fig. 3. The Ursine Sloth. (Bradypus ursinus.) Fig. 4. The Skeleton of the American Megatherium. (Megatherium Americanum.) | |
| Ad99998 05 024a/eng | Reptiles VII. Vol. V. No. 22. GERMAN SNAILS. Fig. 1. The black Slug. (Limax ater.) Fig. 2. The Vineyard-Snail. (Helix pomatia.) Fig. 3. The tree Snail. (Helix arbustorum.) Fig. 4. The grey Field-Snail. (Limax agrestis.) Fig. 5. The Duck Muscle (Mytilus anatinus.) Fig. 6. The spiral pool-Shell. (Buccinum stagnale.) Fig. 7. The marbled belly-Whelp. (Buccinum auriculatum.) | |
| Ad99998 05 025a/eng | Plants XCIV. Vol. V. No. 23 REMARKABLE PLANTS. Fig. 1. The Azur Water-Lilly. (Nymphaea caerulea.) Fig. 2. The Aya-Pana. (Eupatorium Aya-Pana.) | |
| Ad99998 05 026a/eng | Miscell. Subj. LII. Vol. V. No. 24. GIBRALTAR AND THE FLOATING BATTERIES. | |
| Ad99998 05 027a/eng | Roses. XI. Vol. V. No. 25. TWO SPECIES OF ROSES. Fig. 1. The May-Rose. (Rosa Majalis.) Fig. 2. The umbellated incarnate Rose. (Rosa umbellata flore carneo.) | |
| Ad99998 05 028a/eng | Antiquities XIV. Vol. V. No. 26. EGYPTIAN DEITIES. Fig. 1. Isis. Fig. 2. Isis and Horus. Fig. 4. and 5. Osiris. Fig. 6. Serapis. Fig. 7. and 8. Harpocrates. | |
| Ad99998 05 029a/eng | Antiquities XV. Vol. V. No. 27. EGYPTIAN DEITIES. Fig. 1. Apis. Fig. 2. et 3. Bubastis. Fig. 4. Anubis. Fig. 5. Canopus. Fig. 6. Ibis | |
| Ad99998 05 030a/eng | Miscell. Sub. LIII. Vol. V. No. 28. LUSUS NATURAE. Fig. 1 and 2. Dendrites. Fig. 3. The Florence Marble. | |
| Ad99998 05 031a/eng | Miscell. Sub. LIV. Vol. V. No. 29. REMARKABLE CAVES. Fig. 1. The remarkable Rosenmüller’s Cave of Muggendorf. | |
| Ad99998 05 032a/eng | Roses XII. Vol. V. No. 30. TWO SPECIES OF ROSES. Fig. 1. The common Damask-Rose. (Rosa Damascena communis.) Fig. 2. The striped Ribbandrose. (Rosa versicolor.) | |
| Ad99998 05 033a/eng | Antiquities XVI. Vol. V. NO. 31. GREEK AND ROMAN DEITIES. Fig. 1. Chronos and Rhea. Fig. 2. Rhea. Fig. 3. 4. and 5. Jupiter. Fig. 6. and 7. Juno. |
